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Which of the following is the most effective strategy to prevent relapse in anorexia nervosa?
- A. Focusing solely on weight gain.
- B. Providing a structured meal plan and ongoing emotional support.
- C. Encouraging weight loss to maintain control.
- D. Limiting the patient's exposure to food-related discussions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing a structured meal plan and ongoing emotional support addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa. Structured meal plans help establish healthy eating habits, while emotional support addresses underlying triggers and promotes mental well-being. Focusing solely on weight gain (A) neglects the emotional component of the disorder. Encouraging weight loss (C) reinforces harmful behaviors. Limiting food-related discussions (D) does not address the root causes of anorexia nervosa. In summary, B is the most effective strategy as it tackles both the physical and emotional aspects of the disorder.
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A client with antisocial personality disorder yells, 'Shut up about that, or I'll punch you in the nose!' and shakes his fist at another client in a group meeting after the client speaks negatively of illicit drug use. The nurse quickly determines that the client is at risk to act violently against others as evidenced by his aggressive behavior, verbal threats, and a history of impulsivity. Which is the best approach for the nurse to use?
- A. Seclude the client to protect the other clients and staff.
- B. Put the client in restraints to protect the milieu.
- C. Explore alternate ways to handle frustrating topics in the group.
- D. Tell the client to leave the group until he can behave appropriately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Explore alternate ways to handle frustrating topics in the group. This approach focuses on addressing the underlying issue of the client's aggressive behavior by finding healthier ways to manage emotions and conflicts. It promotes therapeutic communication and helps the client develop coping strategies.
Secluding the client (choice A) may escalate the situation and reinforce negative behavior. Putting the client in restraints (choice B) is a physical intervention that should only be used as a last resort for safety reasons. Telling the client to leave the group (choice D) may not address the root cause of the behavior and could lead to further isolation and resentment. Ultimately, exploring alternate ways to handle frustrating topics is the most therapeutic and effective approach in this scenario.
Which of the following are behaviours that may be associated with adolescent depression?
- A. School refusal
- B. Social withdrawal
- C. Reduced self-care
- D. Maladaptive coping behaviours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: School refusal is a well-documented behavior associated with adolescent depression; the question implies a single correct answer, though B-D are also relevant.
A 75-year-old patient comes to the clinic reporting frequent headaches. As the nurse begins the interaction, which action is most important?
- A. Complete a neurological assessment
- B. Determine whether the patient can hear as the nurse speaks
- C. Suggest that the patient lie down in a darkened room for a few minutes
- D. Administer medication to relieve the patient's pain before continuing the assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before proceeding with any further assessment, the nurse should assess the patients ability to hear questions. Impaired hearing could lead to inaccurate answers.
A consumer at a rehabilitative psychosocial program says to the nurse, 'People are not cleaning up behind themselves in the bathrooms. The building is dirty and cluttered.' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Encourage the consumer to discuss it at a meeting with everyone
- B. Hire a professional cleaning service to clean the restrooms
- C. Address the complaint at the next staff meeting
- D. Tell the consumer, 'Thats not my problem'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consumer-run programs range from informal clubhouses, which offer socialization and recreation, to competitive businesses, such as snack bars or janitorial services, which provide needed services and consumer employment while encouraging independence and building vocational skills. Consumers engage in problem solving under the leadership of staff.
A disorder that interrupts normal sleep patterns and is characterized by repeated, brief jerks of the arms and legs that occur every 20 to 60 seconds during the beginning of sleep is called:
- A. Insomnia.
- B. Narcolepsy.
- C. Hypersomnia.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. The disorder described in the question is Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), not any of the options provided. PLMD involves involuntary movements during sleep, which are different from the symptoms of insomnia, narcolepsy, or hypersomnia. Insomnia is difficulty falling or staying asleep, narcolepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, and hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness despite getting enough sleep. Therefore, the correct answer is D as none of the provided options accurately describe the specific disorder mentioned in the question.