Nokea
Which of the following lab values is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease?
- A. high HDL cholesterol
- B. low HDL cholesterol
- C. low total cholesterol
- D. low triglycerides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High HDL cholesterol and low LDL cholesterol are associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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A client begins bleeding from the site of a previous arterial blood gas draw on the right wrist. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Check the blood count.
- B. Apply pressure to the site.
- C. Document the bleeding.
- D. Monitor the bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a client begins bleeding from the site of a previous arterial blood gas draw on the right wrist, the nurse should first apply pressure to the site. This prevents further bleeding. The remaining choices can be performed later.
A child comes to the clinic with a skin rash. The maculopapular lesions are distributed around the mouth and have honey-colored drainage. The caregiver states that the rash is getting worse and seems to spread with the child's scratching. Which of the following advisory comments should be given?
- A. The history and presentation might indicate chickenpox, a highly contagious disease.
- B. The lesions might indicate a noncontagious infection that does not require isolation.
- C. The history and presentation might indicate an infectious illness called impetigo.
- D. The lesions are not contagious unless others have open wounds or lesions themselves.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The scenario describes classic impetigo for which the physician is likely to order antibiotic therapy. Chickenpox is highly contagious but presents with a history of high fever followed by a vesicular rash.
Which of the following medications might cause upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding?
- A. Cardizem (diltiazem)
- B. Naprosyn (naproxen)
- C. Elavil (amitriptyline)
- D. Corgard (nadolol)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naprosyn, an NSAID, can irritate the gastric mucosa, increasing the risk of UGI bleeding, unlike the other medications, which are less associated with this risk.
In a disaster situation, the nurse assessing a diabetic client on insulin assesses for all of the following except:
- A. diabetic signs and symptoms
- B. nutritional status
- C. bleeding problems
- D. availability of insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bleeding problems are not typically associated with diabetes management. Assessing diabetic symptoms, nutritional status, and insulin availability are critical to ensure glycemic control in a disaster.
Which of the following indicates a hazard for a client on oxygen therapy?
- A. A No Smoking sign is on the door.
- B. The client is wearing a synthetic gown.
- C. Electrical equipment is grounded.
- D. Matches are removed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A synthetic gown might generate sparks of static electricity, which can be a fire hazard, particularly in the presence of oxygen. The client on oxygen therapy should wear a cotton gown. The remaining options are appropriate safety measures.