Nokea
Which of the following lipid abnormalities is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease?
- A. Low concentration of triglycerides
- B. High levels of high-density lipid (HDL) cholesterol
- C. High levels of low-density lipid (LDL) cholesterol
- D. Low levels of LDL cholesterol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol contribute to atherosclerosis by depositing cholesterol in arterial walls, leading to plaque formation and PVD. Low triglycerides, high HDL, or low LDL are protective or neutral, not risk factors.
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What would be the nurse's best response to the client's expressed feelings of isolation as a result of having hepatitis?
- A. Don't worry. It's normal to feel that way.'
- B. Your friends are probably afraid of contracting hepatitis from you.'
- C. I'm sure you're imagining that!'
- D. Tell me more about your feelings of isolation.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging the client to express feelings (D) promotes therapeutic communication and understanding. Dismissing feelings (A, C) or assuming others' fears (B) is non-therapeutic.
A client is admitted to the emergency department with a headache, weakness, and slight confusion. The physician diagnoses carbon monoxide poisoning. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Initiate gastric lavage.
- B. Maintain body temperature.
- C. Administer 100% oxygen by mask.
- D. Obtain a psychiatric referral.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering 100% oxygen displaces carbon monoxide from hemoglobin, the priority in poisoning. Gastric lavage, temperature maintenance, and psychiatric referrals are secondary.
A 36-year-old female is scheduled to receive external radiation therapy and a cesium implant for cancer of the cervix. Which of the following statements would be most accurate to include in the teaching plan about the potential effects of radiation therapy on sexuality?
- A. You can have sexual intercourse while the implant is in place.
- B. You may notice some vaginal dryness after treatment is completed.
- C. You may notice some vaginal relaxation after treatment is completed.
- D. You will continue to have normal menstrual periods during treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vaginal dryness is a common side effect of cervical radiation due to mucosal changes, and should be included in the teaching plan to prepare the client.
After surgery for an ileal conduit, the nurse should closely assess the client for the occurrence of which of the following complications related to pelvic surgery?
- A. Peritonitis.
- B. Thrombophlebitis.
- C. Ingestes.
- D. Inguinal hernia.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Peritonitis and thrombophlebitis are significant complications of pelvic surgery like an ileal conduit, due to potential infection or vascular issues. 'Ingestes' appears to be a typo and is not a recognized complication.
The nurse is caring for a client who sustained injuries from a light bulb explosion. On assessment, the nurse notes that a piece of glass was lodged in the client's eye. The initial nursing intervention should be which of the following?
- A. Attempt to carefully remove the glass from the eye
- B. Reassure the client that everything is okay
- C. Administer a sedative for pain relief
- D. Advise the client to remain in a sitting position until a specialist arrives
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A foreign object like glass in the eye requires specialist intervention. Keeping the client in a sitting position minimizes further damage until a specialist evaluates. Attempting removal, false reassurance, or sedation without specialist input is inappropriate.