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Which of the following measures will ensure tube patency and decrease the risk of bacterial infection as well as crusting or blockage of the tube?
- A. Administering 10 to 40 ml of water before and after medications and feedings
- B. Administering 15 to 30 ml of water before and after medications and feedings
- C. Administering 30 to 40 ml of water before and after medications and feedings
- D. Administering 5 to 10 ml of water before and after medications and feedings
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flushing the tube with 15 to 30 ml of water before and after feedings helps maintain patency and reduces the risk of blockages.
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After a cholecystoctomy, patients may have problems with fat-rich foods becuase:
- A. The liver stops producing enough bile
- B. Bile pigments are reduced in amount
- C. The enterohepatic circulation has stopped
- D. Bile is not well concentrated
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a cholecystectomy, the gallbladder is removed, affecting bile storage and release. The liver still produces bile, but it is not stored in the gallbladder for efficient release when needed. This results in inadequate bile availability to emulsify fats, leading to difficulty digesting fat-rich foods. Choices B and C are incorrect as they do not directly address the issue of insufficient bile production. Choice D is incorrect as bile concentration is not the primary concern post-cholecystectomy.
When caring for a patient with autoimmune hepatitis, the nurse understands that what in this patient is different from the patient who has viral hepatitis?
- A. Does not manifest hepatomegaly or jaundice
- B. Experiences less liver inflammation and damage
- C. Is treated with corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive agents
- D. Is usually an older adult who has used a wide variety of prescription and over-the-counter drugs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Autoimmune hepatitis is treated with corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs to reduce liver inflammation and prevent progression of liver damage.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with left upper quadrant (LUQ) pain. What may be a possible source of the pain?
- A. Liver
- B. Pancreas
- C. Appendix
- D. Gallbladder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pancreas is located in the left upper quadrant and inflammation or other issues here can cause LUQ pain.
A woman is 5 ft
- A. 6 in (166 cm) tall and weighs 200 lb (90.9 kg) with a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.7. The nurse counsels the patient with the knowledge that the patient is at greatest risk for
- B. heart disease.
- C. osteoporosis.
- D. diabetes mellitus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high waist-to-hip ratio indicates a higher risk for heart disease due to visceral fat accumulation in the abdominal area.
Which infection or inflammation is found related to systemic disease and cancer chemotherapy?
- A. Parotitis
- B. Stomatitis
- C. Oral candidiasis
- D. Vincent's infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stomatitis is commonly associated with systemic diseases and cancer therapies, leading to painful inflammation and sores in the mouth.