Nokea
Which of the following medication are utilized to treat peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
- A. Antiplatelet drugs
- B. Diuretics
- C. Antibiotics
- D. Nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PAD's clot risk loves antiplatelets like aspirin thinning blood, easing flow past plaques, a mainstay treatment. Diuretics drop fluid, not PAD's game. Antibiotics fight bugs, not here. Nitroglycerin dilates, less direct. Nurses push antiplatelets, cutting ischemia, a key med in this leg-saving fight.
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You are caring for a patient with esophageal cancer. Which task could be delegated to the nursing assistant?
- A. Assist the patient with oral hygiene
- B. Observe the patient's response to feedings
- C. Facilitate expression of grief or anxiety
- D. Initiate daily weights
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Delegating tasks in nursing hinges on scope of practice. Assisting with oral hygiene is a basic care activity nursing assistants are trained to perform, supporting hygiene needs in esophageal cancer patients who may struggle with swallowing. Observing responses to feedings requires clinical judgment to assess tolerance or complications, a nurse's responsibility. Facilitating emotional expression involves therapeutic communication skills beyond an assistant's training, critical for addressing cancer-related distress. Initiating daily weights implies deciding when to start, requiring understanding of fluid status assistants can weigh patients but not initiate the process independently. Oral hygiene delegation optimizes care efficiency, aligns with assistants' capabilities, and frees nurses for higher-level assessments, ensuring safe, effective management of this patient's complex needs.
Choose the CORRECT statement Babies born from mothers with gestational diabetes:
- A. Are at a high risk of being born with diabetes
- B. Are usually hypoglycaemic due to maternal insulin drug therapy
- C. Are usually of higher birth weight
- D. Are always given a glucose challenge test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gestational diabetes fattens babies high maternal sugar pumps fetal growth, a hefty birth norm. They don't inherit diabetes at birth, hypo's rare unless mom's on insulin, tests aren't routine. Nurses track this, a chronic womb echo.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is to begin receiving external radiation for a malignant tumor of the neck. While providing patient education, what potential adverse effects should the nurse discuss with the patient?
- A. Impaired nutritional status
- B. Cognitive changes
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Alopecia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neck radiation hits the oral mucosa, salivary glands, and throat, causing mucositis, taste loss, pain, and dysphagia leading to impaired nutrition. Patients struggle to eat, risking weight loss and weakness, a top concern in head-and-neck cases. Cognitive changes tie to brain radiation, not neck. Diarrhea aligns with abdominal radiation, not this site. Alopecia occurs with whole-brain radiation, not localized neck treatment, where hair loss is minimal unless the scalp's in the field. Nurses must prep patients for these site-specific effects, ensuring dietary support (e.g., soft foods, supplements) to maintain strength through therapy, a key part of oncology care planning.
How do you treat secondary syphilis?
- A. oral penicillin
- B. i.m. penicillin
- C. i.v. penicillin
- D. erythromycin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary syphilis IM penicillin blasts treponemes, not oral, IV, or erythro sidesteps. Nurses shoot this chronic cure.
Which of the following is NOT associated with obesity?
- A. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- B. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- C. Increased mortality
- D. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity piles on NAFLD, apnea, death risk, back ache; type 1's autoimmune, not fat-driven. Nurses link this chronic weight web, not islet crash.