Nokea
Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?
- A. Nitrogen
- B. Waste products
- C. Water
- D. Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Water. Water is essential for the human body to survive as it plays a crucial role in various physiological processes like digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere and is not directly obtained from the environment for survival. Waste products are materials that need to be eliminated from the body, not obtained for sustenance. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration and is expelled from the body through breathing, not obtained as a nutrient.
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Macromolecules are built of
- A. Monomers
- B. False
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monomers. Macromolecules are built from smaller subunits called monomers. Monomers join together through chemical reactions to form larger molecules known as macromolecules. Option B is incorrect because it does not provide the accurate information regarding macromolecules. Option C is incorrect as it indicates uncertainty, which is not the case here. Option D is incorrect as there is a specific answer related to the composition of macromolecules.
Signs of aging at the cellular level are
- A. graying hair, waning strength, and wrinkles.
- B. unrepaired DNA and abnormal proteins.
- C. impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell parts.
- D. a fatty liver and clogged blood vessels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell parts.' Aging at the cellular level involves reduced efficiency in cell division and the breakdown/recycling of cellular components, leading to functional decline. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they involve external physical manifestations or organ-specific issues rather than cellular-level changes associated with aging.
Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form
- A. tissues, which build organs.
- B. organs, which build tissues.
- C. organ systems, which build tissues.
- D. atoms, which comprise tissues.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'tissues, which build organs.' Specialized cell types organize to form tissues, which in turn build organs. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. Option B is incorrect because organs are composed of tissues, not the other way around. Option C is incorrect as organ systems consist of multiple organs working together, not building tissues. Option D is incorrect as atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and are not directly involved in forming tissues.
Why are anatomy and physiology difficult to separate?
- A. Physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
- B. Physiological functions in an organism are ongoing.
- C. Body parts provide structural support.
- D. Our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because physiological functions depend on anatomical structures. The correct answer highlights the interdependence between the two disciplines; physiological functions are carried out by anatomical structures. Choice B is incorrect as it only states a characteristic of physiological functions without addressing the relationship with anatomy. Choice C is incorrect as it talks about body parts providing structural support, which is not directly related to the interdependence of anatomy and physiology. Choice D is incorrect because the rate of change in understanding does not necessarily dictate the difficulty of separating the two disciplines.
Cells do not aggregate into organelles based on similar functions.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement is false. Cells with similar functions do not aggregate into organelles. Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Cells themselves are the basic structural and functional units of organisms, and organelles are located within cells to carry out various tasks. Therefore, cells do not aggregate into organelles, but organelles are found within cells to support their functions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as cells do not form organelles by aggregating based on similar functions.