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Which of the following outcomes is correctly written?
- A. Abdominal incision will show no signs of infection.
- B. On discharge, patient will be free of infection.
- C. On discharge, patient will be able to list five symptoms of infection.
- D. During home care, nurse will not observe symptoms of infection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A correctly written outcome is specific, measurable, and patient-centered, such as the patient listing five symptoms of infection (C).
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Which of the following illustrates a common error when writing patient outcomes?
- A. Patient will drink 100 mL of fluid every 2 hours from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m.
- B. Patient will demonstrate correct sequence of exercises by next office visit.
- C. Patient will be less anxious and fearful before and after surgery.
- D. On discharge, patient will list five symptoms of infection to report.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Less anxious and fearful' (C) is vague and not measurable, a common error in outcome writing.
Which of the following are verbs that are helpful in writing measurable outcomes? Select all that apply.
- A. know
- B. define
- C. hear
- D. verbalize
- E. feel
- F. list
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: Verbs like define (B), verbalize (D), and list (F) are measurable and action-oriented, suitable for writing outcomes.
What name is given to tools that are used to communicate a standardized interdisciplinary plan of care for patients within a case management healthcare delivery system?
- A. Kardex care plans
- B. computerized plans of care
- C. clinical pathways
- D. student care plans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clinical pathways (C) are tools used to communicate standardized interdisciplinary care plans.
A nurse is using a structured care methodology that follows a set of steps based on a clinicians decision process to help standardize nursing care plans. What is the term for this element of a structured care methodology?
- A. algorithm
- B. national guidelines
- C. standard of care
- D. clinical practice guideline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An algorithm (A) is a set of steps based on a clinician's decision process to standardize care plans.
Which of the following statements accurately describe the impact on nursing of using NIC/NOC standardized languages? Select all that apply.
- A. They demonstrate the impact that nurses have on the system of healthcare delivery.
- B. They standardize and define the knowledge base for nursing curricula and practice.
- C. They limit the number of appropriate nursing intervention to be selected.
- D. They hinder the teaching of clinical decision making to novice nurses.
- E. They enable researchers to examine the effectiveness and cost of nursing care.
- F. They slow the development and use of nursing information systems.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: NIC/NOC languages demonstrate nursing impact (A), standardize knowledge (B), and enable research (E).