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Which of the following potential data sources would most likely be eliminated by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to conduct a needs assessment on a limited budget?
- A. Community forums
- B. Examination of community indicators
- C. Focus groups
- D. Surveys
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, forums are cost-effective with community participation. Rationale B: Incorrect, indicators use existing data, low-cost. Rationale C: Correct, focus groups are resource-intensive (time, facilitation). Rationale D: Incorrect, surveys can be low-cost if simple.
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The CHN has arranged for students in all classes at the local school to receive visual acuity testing to determine if they need glasses. Which level of prevention is represented by this activity?
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Tertiary
- D. Both primary and secondary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Visual acuity testing (B) is secondary prevention, detecting issues early, per public health. Primary (A) prevents onset, tertiary (C) manages outcomes, and both (D) is incorrect.
A closed fracture refers to:
- A. A fracture where the bone pierces the skin
- B. A fracture where the bone remains within the skin
- C. A fracture that cannot be treated
- D. A fracture with severe bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, that's an open fracture. Rationale B: Correct, closed means skin intact. Rationale C: Incorrect, it's treatable. Rationale D: Incorrect, bleeding isn't defining.
The hospital plays an important role in the community in the case of a disaster. What are some of the expected roles of the hospital?Select one that does not apply
- A. Stockpiling emergency equipment
- B. Purchasing personal protective equipment (PPE)
- C. Providing additional security for the community
- D. Educating staff on all-hazards preparedness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale A: Correct, stockpiling is a hospital role. Rationale B: Correct, PPE purchase prepares staff. Rationale C: Incorrect, community security is police, not hospital role. Rationale D: Correct, staff education enhances readiness. Rationale E: Shelter is possible but not primary role.
Which action will the community health nurse take during the primary prevention stage of bioterrorism preparedness?
- A. Participating in disaster simulations
- B. Recognizing signs and symptoms of a bioterrorist attack
- C. Immediately treating disease caused by a biologic agent
- D. Responding to the psychological aftermath of the bioterrorism event
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention in bioterrorism preparedness focuses on preventing an event before it occurs. Participating in disaster simulations (A) enhances readiness and is a proactive measure. Recognizing symptoms (B) and treating disease (C) are secondary/tertiary responses, while psychological support (D) is part of recovery.
Which of the following is the primary explanation for life expectancy increasing so notably during the twentieth century?
- A. An increase in findings from medical laboratory research
- B. Incredible advances in surgical techniques and procedures
- C. Improved sanitation and other public health activities
- D. Increased use of antibiotics to fight infections
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improved sanitation and public health (C) drove life expectancy gains through disease prevention, per historical data. Research (A), surgery (B), and antibiotics (D) contributed later.