Which of the following principles of primary nursing has proven the most satisfying to the patient and nurse?
- A. Administer oxygen by Venturi mask at 24% as needed
- B. Allow a 1-hour rest period between activities
- C. Patients and nurses both respond well to primary nursing care units
- D. Studies have shown that patients and nurses both respond well to primary nursing care units
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary nursing care units have been proven to be highly satisfying for both patients and nurses. This model promotes a consistent and continuous relationship between a patient and a primary nurse, leading to improved communication, personalized care, and overall satisfaction for both parties involved.
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All of the following interventions are correct when using the Z-track method of drug injection except:
- A. Prepare the injection site with alcohol
- B. Use a needle that is at least 1" long
- C. Aspirate for blood before injection
- D. Rub the site vigorously after the injection to promote absorption
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When using the Z-track method of drug injection, it is important to prepare the injection site with alcohol to ensure cleanliness, use a needle that is at least 1" long to reach the muscle tissue, and aspirate for blood before injection to verify correct needle placement. However, rubbing the site vigorously after the injection is not recommended as it can cause medication to leak into subcutaneous tissue, compromising the medication's intended absorption and efficacy.
The four main concepts common to nursing that appear in each of the current conceptual models are:
- A. Person, nursing, environment, medicine
- B. Person, health, nursing, support systems
- C. Person, health, psychology, nursing
- D. Person, environment, health, nursing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
How can preserving skin integrity impact the circular chain of infection?
- A. Host
- B. Reservoir
- C. Mode of transmission
- D. Portal of entry
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preserving skin integrity plays a key role in breaking the chain of infection by eliminating the portal of entry for pathogens. When the skin is intact, it acts as a natural barrier that prevents pathogens from entering the body. By maintaining skin integrity through proper hygiene and wound care, the risk of infection is significantly reduced, disrupting the cycle of infection transmission.
Which of the following vascular system changes result from aging?
- A. Increased peripheral resistance of the blood vessels
- B. Decreased blood flow
- C. Increased workload of the left ventricle
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: As individuals age, various changes occur in the vascular system. These changes include increased peripheral resistance of the blood vessels, decreased blood flow, and an increased workload of the left ventricle. Therefore, all the listed changes result from aging, making option D, 'All of the above,' the correct answer.
After 5 days of diuretic therapy with 20mg of furosemide (Lasix) daily, a patient begins to exhibit fatigue, muscle cramping, and muscle weakness. These symptoms probably indicate that the patient is experiencing:
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Anorexia
- D. Dysphagia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of fatigue, muscle cramping, and muscle weakness in a patient after starting furosemide therapy are indicative of hypokalemia. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to potassium depletion, causing hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can manifest with muscle weakness, cramps, and fatigue due to alterations in neuromuscular function and decreased ATP production.