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Which of the following questions should the nurse ask when assessing a patient who has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
- A. Have you noticed any unusual discharge from your penis?
- B. Has there been any change in your sex life in the last year?
- C. Do you find it hard to initiate your urinary stream?
- D. Have you been experiencing any difficulty in achieving an erection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enlargement of the prostate blocks the urethra, leading to urinary changes. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common problem of older men. It can alter normal urination, causing retention and difficulty in initiating the urinary stream. The other questions address possible problems with infection or sexual difficulties but would not be helpful in determining whether there were functional changes caused by BPH.
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The nurse is assessing a patient who had a hysterosalpingogram, endometrial biopsy, and cervical biopsy in the outpatient clinic this morning and now reports feeling light-headed and short of breath. Which of these symptoms is most important to report to the health care provider?
- A. Abdominal cramping
- B. Vaginal spotting
- C. Light-headedness
- D. Dyspnea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's light-headedness suggests a possible vasovagal response or other complication post-procedure, requiring immediate attention. Dyspnea could also be significant, but light-headedness is prioritized due to its potential to indicate hypoperfusion or shock. Abdominal cramping and vaginal spotting are expected after these procedures.
The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a male patient and obtains this information. Which of the following findings is most important to report to the health care provider?
- A. One testis hangs lower than the other
- B. Inguinal lymph nodes are nonpalpable
- C. Genital hair distribution is diamond shaped
- D. Clear penile discharge is present at the meatus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clear penile discharge may be indicative of a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The other findings are normal and do not need to be reported.
When scheduling a pelvic examination and Pap test, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Shower, but not a tub bath, before the examination.
- B. Do not have sexual intercourse the day before the Pap.
- C. Plan to have the Pap test just after her menstrual period.
- D. Avoid douching for at least 24 hours before the examination.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The results of a Pap test may be affected by douching, which can remove cells from the cervix. The patient may shower or take a bath before the examination, and sexual intercourse or timing relative to the menstrual period do not significantly impact the results.
The nurse is providing teaching a patient who has been treated for pelvic inflammatory disease. Which of the following information should the nurse teach the patient about?
- A. Irregularities in the menstrual cycle
- B. Changes in secondary sex characteristics
- C. Possible difficulty with becoming pregnant
- D. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pelvic inflammatory disease may cause scarring of the fallopian tubes and result in difficulty in fertilization or implantation of the fertilized egg. Because ovarian function is not affected, the patient will not require HRT, have irregular menstrual cycles, or experience changes in secondary sex characteristics.
The nurse is preparing a patient for colposcopy with a cervical biopsy. Which of the following information should the nurse explain to the patient about the procedure?
- A. It involves dilation of the cervix and biopsy of the tissue lining the uterus.
- B. It will take place in a same-day-surgery centre so that local anesthesia can be used.
- C. It requires that the patient have nothing to eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure.
- D. It is similar to a speculum examination of the cervix and should result in little or no pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colposcopy involves visualization of the cervix with a binocular microscope and is similar to a speculum examination. A cervical biopsy may cause a minimal amount of pain.