Nokea
Which of the following respiratory conditions is always considered a medical emergency?
- A. Asthma
- B. Cystic fibrosis (CF)
- C. Epiglottiditis
- D. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epiglottiditis is always considered a medical emergency due to the potential risk of airway obstruction. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that prevents food and liquids from entering the airway during swallowing. If the epiglottis becomes inflamed or infected, it can swell and block the airway, making it difficult or impossible for the person to breathe. This obstruction can rapidly progress to a life-threatening situation if not treated promptly. Therefore, epiglottiditis requires immediate medical attention to ensure the airway remains open and the individual can breathe properly.
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The nurse is helping parents achieve a more nutritionally adequate vegetarian diet for their child. Which is most likely lacking in their particular diet?
- A. Fat
- B. Protein
- C. Vitamins C and A
- D. Complete protein
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A vegetarian diet can provide adequate amounts of protein, fat, and even complete protein if well-balanced. However, certain essential nutrients like vitamins C and A are more commonly found in higher concentrations in animal-based products. Therefore, in a vegetarian diet, particularly if not carefully planned, there may be a potential lack of these specific vitamins. It is important for the nurse to educate the parents on alternative plant-based sources of vitamins C and A to ensure their child's nutritional requirements are met.
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect?
- A. Dysuria
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Leg cramps
- D. Blurred vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. An adverse effect of levothyroxine therapy is the development of tachycardia, which is an abnormally rapid heart rate. This is due to the increased metabolic rate resulting from the thyroid hormone replacement. Dysuria (painful urination), leg cramps, and blurred vision are not typically associated with levothyroxine therapy for hypothyroidism.
A nurse notes that a 10-month-old infant has a larger head circumference than chest. The nurse interprets this as a normal finding because the head and chest circumference become equal at which age?
- A. 1 month
- B. 6 to 9 months
- C. 1 to 2 years
- D. to 3 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is considered normal for a baby's head circumference to be larger than their chest circumference during the first few months of life. Generally, a baby's head grows more rapidly than their chest, which causes the head circumference to be larger. By around 6 to 9 months of age, the head and chest circumference measurements typically become equal. This is part of the normal growth and development pattern in infants.
While Andres is being assessed at the clinic, Nurse Shiela observed that the child appears to be small, with an immature face and chubby body build. Her parents stated that their child's rate of growth of all body parts is somewhat slow, but her proportions and intelligence remain normal. As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that the child has a deficiency of which of the following?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- C. Growth hormone (GH)
- D. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child described in the scenario displays characteristics consistent with growth hormone deficiency. Growth hormone is essential for the growth and development of bones, muscles, and other tissues in the body. A deficiency in growth hormone can result in growth retardation, where the child appears small with slow growth rates of body parts. Despite the physical stunting, intelligence remains normal as growth hormone does not affect intellectual development. Treatment for growth hormone deficiency usually involves hormone replacement therapy to help the child achieve normal growth and development.
Which information should the nurse give a mother regarding the introduction of solid foods during infancy?
- A. Solid foods should not be introduced until 8 to 10 months, when the extrusion reflex begins to disappear.
- B. Foods should be introduced one at a time, at intervals of 4 to 7 days.
- C. Solid foods can be mixed in a bottle to make the transition easier for the infant.
- D. Fruits and vegetables should be introduced into the diet first.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.