Nokea
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is caused by Treponema pallidum?
- A. Herpes
- B. Venereal warts
- C. Gonorrhea
- D. Syphilis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Syphilis is caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum.
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Which of the following represents metrorrhagia?
- A. Fewer than 21 days between menses
- B. Excessive flow
- C. Infrequent bleeding
- D. Bleeding between periods
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metrorrhagia is defined as irregular bleeding between periods. Choice D is correct because it accurately describes the characteristic of metrorrhagia. Choice A is incorrect because fewer than 21 days between menses refers to polymenorrhea. Choice B is incorrect as excessive flow is known as menorrhagia. Choice C is incorrect because infrequent bleeding is termed oligomenorrhea.
While giving a history, the patient reports having herpes genitalis. Based on this information, which finding does the nurse anticipate during the assessment?
- A. Small vesicles on the genitalia
- B. Single, firm, painless, open sore
- C. Pain when palpating the cervix
- D. Malodorous greenish-yellow vaginal discharge
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Small vesicles on the genitalia. Genital herpes typically presents with small vesicles on the genitalia. These vesicles are usually painful and may be accompanied by itching or burning sensations. The presence of vesicles is a hallmark sign of genital herpes.
Summary:
B: Single, firm, painless, open sore is more characteristic of syphilis, not genital herpes.
C: Pain when palpating the cervix is not a typical finding in genital herpes.
D: Malodorous greenish-yellow vaginal discharge is more indicative of a bacterial infection like trichomoniasis, not genital herpes.
A patient comes in having had repeated colds and infections. Problems in his ear are shown to be due to accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. This is due to a blockage of the:
- A. Saccule
- B. Utricle
- C. External ear
- D. Eustachian tube
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eustachian tube. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, helping to equalize air pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear. Blockage of the Eustachian tube can lead to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, causing ear problems. The other choices, A: Saccule and B: Utricle, are structures in the inner ear related to balance and hearing, not fluid drainage. Choice C: External ear, refers to the outer ear structures and is not involved in middle ear fluid accumulation.
The uterine artery vascularizes:
- A. the vagina;
- B. the Fallopian tubes;
- C. the uterus;
- D. the vulva;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: the uterus. The uterine artery vascularizes the uterus, providing the main blood supply to this reproductive organ. This artery plays a crucial role in supplying oxygen and nutrients to the uterus, supporting the growth and development of the endometrium and the fetus during pregnancy.
Choice A, the vagina, is incorrect because the vaginal artery, not the uterine artery, supplies blood to the vagina. Choice B, the Fallopian tubes, is incorrect as they are primarily vascularized by the tubal branches of the ovarian arteries. Choice D, the vulva, is also incorrect as the blood supply to the vulva comes from multiple sources including the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery, not the uterine artery.
Which of the following is a false description of the negative feedback loop involved in the production of testosterone?
- A. Follicl
- B. stimulating hormone (FSH) targets the testes of males.
- C. Rising levels of testosterone promote increased release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
- D. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is released by the hypothalamus; this hormone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is not directly involved in the negative feedback loop for testosterone production. The negative feedback loop for testosterone involves the hypothalamus releasing GnRH, which stimulates the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH), which then stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. Rising levels of testosterone inhibit the release of GnRH and LH through negative feedback to maintain hormonal balance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they accurately describe components of the negative feedback loop for testosterone production.