Nokea
Which of the following should the nurse assess in a newborn diagnosed with an anorectal malformation? Select all that apply.
- A. Abdominal distension.
- B. Loose stools.
- C. Vomiting.
- D. Meconium in the urine.
- E. Meconium stools.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Anorectal malformations can cause abdominal distension, vomiting, and meconium in the urine due to obstruction or fistulas.
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When obtaining the initial health history from a 10-year-old child with abdominal pain and suspected appendicitis, which of the following questions would be most helpful in eliciting data to help support the diagnosis?
- A. Where did the pain start?
- B. What did you do for the pain?
- C. How often do you have a bowel movement?
- D. Is the pain continuous, or does it let up?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain starting near the umbilicus and migrating to the right lower quadrant is characteristic of appendicitis.
Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include for a child with lead poisoning to enhance lead excretion?
- A. High-protein diet.
- B. Calcium-rich diet.
- C. Low-fat diet.
- D. High-fiber diet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium-rich foods reduce lead absorption by competing for intestinal binding sites. Protein, fat, or fiber diets have less direct impact on lead excretion.
The nurse reads the new medications orders for a 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome on the chart below: Orders D/C prednisolone 40 mg PO Daily Prednisolone 30 mg PO QOD The nurse should:
- A. Discontinue the prednisolone 40 mg and give the 30 mg dose today.
- B. Check the medication record first to see when the last dose of prednisolone was given.
- C. Start the 30 mg dose tomorrow.
- D. Contact the prescriber for clarification.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clarification ensures correct dosing.
Which complication is the nurse most concerned about in an obese child?
- A. Asthma.
- B. Type 2 diabetes.
- C. Seasonal allergies.
- D. Iron deficiency.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance. Asthma and allergies may occur, but diabetes is a more significant concern. Iron deficiency is unrelated.
The nurse discusses with the parents how best to raise the IQ of their child with Down syndrome. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
- A. Serving hearty, nutritious meals.
- B. Giving vasodilator medications as prescribed.
- C. Letting the child play with more able children.
- D. Providing stimulating, nonthreatening life experiences.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stimulating, nonthreatening experiences promote cognitive development by encouraging exploration and learning within the child's capabilities.