Nokea
Which of the following situation is an example of incongruent message?
- A. When the nurse means what she says
- B. When the words and behavior of the nurse agree
- C. When what the nurse says and does do not agree
- D. When content and process agree
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Incongruent message occurs when verbal and nonverbal communication do not align.
Step 2: Choice C states "When what the nurse says and does do not agree," indicating a lack of alignment.
Step 3: This inconsistency can lead to confusion or mistrust in communication.
Step 4: Choices A, B, and D all describe situations with alignment between words and actions, making them congruent.
Summary: Choice C is correct as it exemplifies incongruent communication, while Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they describe congruent messages.
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A nurse is conducting a discharge planning assessment for a patient preparing to transition home. What action by the nurse demonstrates continuity of care?
- A. Providing the patient with written discharge instructions only
- B. Discharging the patient without coordinating follow-up care or support services
- C. Communicating with the patient's primary care provider and community resources
- D. Disregarding the patient's concerns and preferences during the discharge process Specialized Nursing Procedures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because communicating with the patient's primary care provider and community resources demonstrates continuity of care. This action ensures a seamless transition from the hospital to home by keeping all involved parties informed and involved in the patient's care. Option A (written discharge instructions only) may provide information but lacks coordination with other healthcare providers. Option B (discharging without follow-up care coordination) can lead to gaps in care. Option D (disregarding patient concerns) goes against patient-centered care and can disrupt the continuity of care.
In as much as Almira complained of vaginal spotting and abdominal cramps, which among the following will the nurse anticipate as the MOST likely diagnosis of the physician after a vaginal examination?
- A. Eclampsia
- B. Threatened abortion
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Abruptio placenta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Threatened abortion. Vaginal spotting and abdominal cramps are common symptoms of a threatened abortion, which occurs when there is a risk of miscarriage but the pregnancy remains viable. This diagnosis is likely after a vaginal examination to assess the cervix and presence of fetal heartbeat.
A: Eclampsia is characterized by seizures in pregnancy due to high blood pressure, not typically presenting with vaginal spotting and cramps.
C: Placenta previa involves the placenta covering the cervix, leading to painless vaginal bleeding, not associated with cramps.
D: Abruptio placenta is premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, manifesting as painful bleeding, not typically with vaginal spotting and cramps.
Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, resulting in heel pain that is typically worse with the first steps in the morning?
- A. Achilles tendinitis
- B. Plantar fasciitis
- C. Morton's neuroma
- D. Stress fracture of the calcaneus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Plantar fasciitis is the correct answer. It is characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, leading to heel pain, especially in the morning. The plantar fascia is a band of tissue that connects the heel bone to the toes. The pain is usually worse with the first steps after resting.
Achilles tendinitis involves inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, causing pain at the back of the heel and ankle. Morton's neuroma is a condition involving a thickening of tissue around a nerve in the ball of the foot, leading to sharp, burning pain in the toes.
Stress fracture of the calcaneus refers to a small crack in the heel bone due to repetitive stress or overuse, resulting in heel pain that may worsen with activity, but not specifically with the first steps in the morning.
A patient with a history of congestive heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance is the patient at risk for developing with furosemide therapy?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Hyponatremia
- D. Hypernatremia nd potassium. Therefore, patients taking furosemide are at risk for developing hypokalemia due to increased potassium excretion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works in the ascending loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption.
Step 2: Inhibition of sodium reabsorption leads to increased water and electrolyte excretion, including potassium.
Step 3: Increased potassium excretion can lead to hypokalemia, which is a common side effect of loop diuretics like furosemide.
Step 4: Hypokalemia can be dangerous, especially in patients with congestive heart failure, as it can worsen cardiac function and lead to arrhythmias.
Step 5: Therefore, patients with a history of congestive heart failure prescribed furosemide are at risk for developing hypokalemia due to increased potassium excretion.
When there is failure to supervise a child adequately, especially in children younger than 12, the kind of child abuse is, which of the following?
- A. Emotional
- B. Neglect
- C. Sexual
- D. Physical
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neglect. Failure to supervise a child adequately falls under the category of neglect, which is the failure to provide for a child's basic needs such as supervision, food, shelter, and medical care. In this scenario, the lack of proper supervision constitutes neglect as it puts the child at risk of harm or danger. Emotional abuse (A) involves harming a child's emotional well-being through actions like verbal abuse. Sexual abuse (C) involves inappropriate sexual behavior towards a child. Physical abuse (D) involves causing physical harm or injury to a child. In this case, the failure to supervise the child adequately is best categorized as neglect, making choice B the correct answer.