Nokea
Which of the following statement best describe a health care proxy?
- A. A medical diagnosis
- B. A person chosen to decide
- C. A hospital policy
- D. A treatment plan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A health care proxy is a person chosen to decide (B), per definition e.g., surrogate for incapacity. Not diagnosis (A), policy (C), plan (D) decision-maker. B best defines proxy's role, like Mr. Gary appointing someone, making it correct.
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Which of the following is NOT true about BP?
- A. BP is dependent on blood volume, Cardiac output and peripheral resistance
- B. BP is dependent on age and body weight
- C. The BP on the left arm is higher than the right
- D. BP is taken on the left arm because it is nearest to the heart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BP depends on blood volume, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance (A), and varies with age and weight (B), per cardiovascular physiology. The left arm isn't inherently higher (C) it's false; differences are minimal and individual. Left arm use (D) is convention, not proximity (it's not significantly closer). C's absolute claim lacks evidence, making it the untrue statement, as BP symmetry is typical unless pathology exists.
She dies of yellow fever in her search for truth to prove that yellow fever is carried by a mosquitoes.
- A. Clara louise Maas
- B. Pearl Tucker
- C. Isabel Hampton Robb
- D. Caroline Hampton Robb
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clara Louise Maas died in 1901 proving yellow fever's mosquito link volunteering for bites advancing epidemiology. Unlike Tucker, Robb (educator), or Hampton Robb (surgical pioneer), her sacrifice at 25 impacted public health, a heroic legacy in nursing research and disease prevention history.
Which of the following statement best describe quality improvement?
- A. A one-time fix
- B. Ongoing effort to enhance care
- C. A punishment for errors
- D. A financial strategy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Quality improvement is an ongoing effort to enhance care (B), per QI models e.g., PDSA cycles. Not one-time (A), not punishment (C), not just finance (D) continuous. B best defines QI's iterative nature, making it correct.
All of the following can cause tachycardia except:
- A. Fever
- B. Exercise
- C. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation
- D. Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parasympathetic stimulation slows heart rate; others increase it.
Anaphylactic reaction after administering penicillin indicates
- A. An acquired atopic sensitization
- B. Passive immunity to penicillin allergen
- C. Antibodies to penicillin developed after earlier use of the drug
- D. Developed potent bivalent antibodies when the IV administration was started
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe IgE-mediated allergic reaction, occurring when prior penicillin exposure sensitizes the immune system, forming antibodies. Re-exposure triggers histamine release, causing symptoms like shock or dyspnea. Atopic sensitization relates to predisposition, not specific drug history. Passive immunity involves transferred antibodies, not self-developed ones. Bivalent antibodies forming during IV use is incorrect sensitization precedes administration. Nurses must assess allergy history, preparing for emergencies like epinephrine administration to reverse this life-threatening response.