Nokea
Which of the following statement best describe secondary care?
- A. Routine health check up
- B. Specialized care by referral
- C. Care after diagnosis
- D. Basic health education
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary care is specialized care by referral (B), per system e.g., cardiologist post-GP. Check-ups (A) and education (D) are primary, post-diagnosis (C) tertiary. B best defines secondary's role, making it correct.
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The client you are assigned to has four nursing diagnoses. Which of the following would you assign the highest priority?
- A. chest pain related to cough secondary to pneumonia
- B. self-care deficit related to activity intolerance secondary to sleep-pattern disturbance
- C. risk for altered family processes secondary to hospitalization
- D. self-esteem deficit situational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Among four diagnoses, chest pain related to pneumonia takes highest priority because it addresses a physiologic need breathing and circulation per Maslow's hierarchy. Pain and potential respiratory compromise threaten survival, requiring immediate intervention like medication or oxygen. Self-care deficits, family process risks, and self-esteem issues, while important, are less urgent, impacting higher-level needs like independence or esteem. Prioritizing chest pain ensures the client's airway and oxygenation are stabilized, preventing deterioration, a fundamental principle in acute care nursing.
The nurse gave the wrong medication to Mr. Gary that lead to his cardiac arrest. This is an example of?
- A. Malpractice
- B. Negligence
- C. Assault
- D. Battery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wrong medication causing cardiac arrest is malpractice (A) breach of nursing standards, per tort law. Negligence (B) is broader, assault (C) intent-based, battery (D) touch-based. A's professional error fits, making it correct.
The nurse is teaching a client who underwent a hypophysectomy for hypopituitarism about self-management. Which actions performed by the client could cause complications on the second post-operative day? Select all that apply.
- A. Nose blowing
- B. Teeth brushing
- C. Bending forward
- D. Lying in a semi-Fowler's position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-hypophysectomy, nose blowing (A) risks CSF leak or meningitis by disrupting the surgical site. Brushing (B) and semi-Fowler's (D) are safe. Bending (C) is risky but less immediate. A is correct. Rationale: Nasal pressure can breach the pituitary fossa repair, a critical complication in early recovery, per post-operative neurosurgery care, unlike benign actions.
Founder of the PNA
- A. Julita Sotejo
- B. Anastacia Giron Tupas
- C. Eufemia Octaviano
- D. Anesia Dionisio
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anastacia Giron-Tupas founded the Philippine Nurses Association in 1922 e.g., advocating licensure elevating Filipino nursing. Sotejo (educator), Octaviano, and Dionisio differ. Her leadership shaped national standards, a key milestone in local nursing's professional history.
Which of the following is NOT true about BP?
- A. BP is dependent on blood volume, Cardiac output and peripheral resistance
- B. BP is dependent on age and body weight
- C. The BP on the left arm is higher than the right
- D. BP is taken on the left arm because it is nearest to the heart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BP depends on blood volume, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance (A), and varies with age and weight (B), per cardiovascular physiology. The left arm isn't inherently higher (C) it's false; differences are minimal and individual. Left arm use (D) is convention, not proximity (it's not significantly closer). C's absolute claim lacks evidence, making it the untrue statement, as BP symmetry is typical unless pathology exists.