Nokea
Which of the following statement is TRUE about deductibles?
- A. Paid after care
- B. Paid before insurance kicks in
- C. Not part of insurance
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deductibles are paid before insurance kicks in (B), per definition e.g., Mr. Gary's upfront cost. Not after (A), are insurance (C), not all (D) threshold-based. B truly defines deductibles' role, triggering coverage, making it correct.
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Which is the most basic need according to Maslow's hierarchy of human needs?
- A. Physical and psychological
- B. Love and belonging
- C. Physiological needs
- D. The need for self-actualization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy ranks physiological needs air, water, food, shelter as the most basic, foundational level for survival. Without these, higher needs cannot be pursued; for instance, a patient struggling to breathe (physiological) won't prioritize self-esteem. Physical and psychological isn't a Maslow category; it blends levels imprecisely. Love and belonging (e.g., relationships) is third-tier, reliant on physiological and safety needs being met first. Self-actualization, the top tier, involves personal fulfillment, achievable only after all lower needs are satisfied. In nursing, prioritizing physiological needs like oxygen for a hypoxic patient ensures life-sustaining care precedes emotional or growth-oriented interventions. Maslow's model underscores this hierarchy's logic: physiological stability is the bedrock, making it the most basic need driving human behavior and nursing priorities.
Which of the following statement best describe the resistance stage of GAS?
- A. Body shuts down due to stress
- B. Body adapts to stress
- C. Immediate reaction to stress
- D. Permanent damage occurs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Resistance stage is body adapting to stress (B), per GAS sustaining effort (e.g., cortisol stabilizes). Shutdown (A) and damage (D) are exhaustion, immediate (C) alarm. B best defines resistance's coping phase, making it correct.
Which are goals of nursing theory?
- A. Provide knowledge and a rationale for client interventions
- B. Provide a rationale for appropriate nursing actions in a given situation
- C. Identify and define concepts that are important to nursing
- D. Provide a definition for nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing theory serves as a foundational framework, guiding practice with clear goals. It provides knowledge and a rationale for client interventions, explaining why specific actions like wound care techniques benefit patients, rooted in conceptual understanding. It offers a rationale for appropriate nursing actions, ensuring responses to situations, such as pain management, are logical and effective. Identifying and defining concepts important to nursing like health or caring clarifies the discipline's focus, fostering consistency. Increasing the nursing body of knowledge expands its intellectual base through theoretical development. However, it doesn't provide a single definition for nursing, instead directing it toward a common purpose across diverse interpretations. These goals unify nursing, bridging theory to practice, and equip nurses to deliver informed, purposeful care that adapts to client needs and evolves with new insights.
Caring is healing, it is communicated through the consciousness of the nurse to the individual being cared for. It allows access to higher human spirit.
- A. Benner
- B. Watson
- C. Leininger
- D. Swanson
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory, developed in the 1970s, defines caring as a healing force transmitted through the nurse's consciousness, connecting to the patient's spirit. She sees nursing as transcending physical acts, fostering openness to a higher human essence. Unlike Benner's skill progression, Leininger's cultural focus, or Swanson's process model, Watson's approach is deeply philosophical, emphasizing transpersonal caring moments like a nurse's empathy soothing a dying patient's fear. Her 10 Carative Factors (e.g., instilling hope) guide this spiritual exchange, influencing holistic nursing practices globally, particularly in palliative care, where emotional and existential support is paramount.
A client is receiving discharge teaching after a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Cross your legs at the ankles while sitting
- B. Avoid bending your hips more than 90 degrees
- C. Sit in a low-seated chair
- D. Twist your body when standing up
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To prevent dislocation of the hip prosthesis, the client should avoid bending their hips more than 90 degrees. Excessive bending at the hips can increase the risk of hip dislocation, which is a significant concern following total hip arthroplasty. Sitting with crossed legs at the ankles (choice A) can also increase the risk of hip dislocation and should be avoided. Sitting in a low-seated chair (choice C) can make it more challenging for the client to stand up safely. Twisting the body when standing up (choice D) can also strain the hip joint and increase the risk of dislocation. Therefore, the correct instruction to include during discharge teaching is to avoid bending the hips more than 90 degrees.