Nokea
Which of the following statements about heat engines is true?
- A. Heat engines are the most common type of engine.
- B. Pneumatic and hydraulic motors are both types of electric engines.
- C. The three types of engines are heat engines, electric engines, and pneumatic motors.
- D. Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement that 'Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines' is correct. Heat engines can indeed be categorized into combustion engines, where fuel combustion occurs, and non-combustion engines, such as steam engines, where heat is applied without combustion. This categorization helps in understanding the different mechanisms and types of heat engines available. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect as heat engines are not the most common type of engine; internal combustion engines are more prevalent. Choice B is incorrect as pneumatic and hydraulic motors are not types of electric engines, but rather different systems that use gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) to transmit power. Choice C is incorrect as it lists electric engines, which are not a primary classification of engines like heat engines, but rather a type of engine that uses electricity to operate.
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On Parents' Day, a public holiday in the Democratic Republic of Congo, families celebrate parents' both living and deceased. Which of the following punctuation marks is used incorrectly?
- A. the apostrophe in Parents' Day
- B. the comma following Day
- C. the comma following Congo
- D. the apostrophe in parents'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The comma following 'Day' is used incorrectly. Commas are typically not used after single-word identifiers like 'Day' in a sentence unless they are part of a list. In this case, the holiday is referred to as 'Parents' Day,' where the apostrophe is used correctly to indicate possession. The comma following 'Day' is unnecessary and should be removed for proper punctuation. Choices A and D both use apostrophes correctly to indicate possession, so they are not incorrect. The comma following 'Congo' in choice C is necessary to set off the introductory phrase 'a public holiday in the Democratic Republic of Congo.' Therefore, the correct answer is B.
Which of the following root words would be used in a word related to the body?
- A. corp
- B. auto
- C. man
- D. bio
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The root word 'corp' is related to the body as it comes from the Latin word 'corpus,' meaning body. Words like 'corporal' and 'corporation' are derived from this root, linking them to the body in some manner. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. 'Auto' relates to self or automatic, 'man' pertains to human or hand, and 'bio' is associated with life or living organisms, none of which directly signify the body.
After a twelve-hour workday, James was exhausted when he heard the news.
- A. .
- B. ;
- C. ,
- D. -
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The comma (,) is used to separate the introductory clause 'After a twelve-hour workday' from the main clause 'James was exhausted when he heard the news.' This punctuation correctly indicates the relationship between the two clauses without interrupting the flow of the sentence. Choice A (.), a period, would create two separate sentences, which is not appropriate in this context. Choice B (;) is too strong of a pause and semicolons are typically used to connect closely related independent clauses. Choice D (-) is an em dash, which is used to set off an abrupt break or interruption in the sentence, not to separate an introductory clause from the main clause.
Which of the following sentences follows the rules of capitalization?
- A. As juveniles, African white-backed vultures are darkly colored, developing their white feathers only as they grow into adulthood.
- B. Ukrainians celebrate a holiday called Malanka during which men dress in costumes and masks and play tricks on their neighbors.
- C. Because of its distance from the sun, the planet Neptune has seasons that last the equivalent of forty-one Earth years.
- D. Edward Jenner, considered the Father of Immunology, invented the world's first vaccine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In sentence B, "Ukrainians" is capitalized because it is referring to a specific group of people, and "Malanka" is also capitalized as it is a holiday name. This follows the rules of capitalization for proper nouns. Choices A, C, and D contain correct capitalization, but they also include additional capitalizations that are unnecessary. For instance, in choice A, "African white-backed vultures" should not be capitalized unless it is part of a proper noun or a title. In choice C, while "Neptune" and "Earth" should be capitalized as they are names of celestial bodies, the word "sun" is not capitalized unless it is used as part of the proper noun "Sun." Choice D correctly capitalizes proper nouns like "Edward Jenner" and "Immunology," but the general terms like "Father" and "vaccine" do not need capitalization unless they are part of a title or a specific name.
Unlike a traditional comic book, a graphic novel is released as one single publication, either in the form of one long story or an anthology. Which of the following is an appropriate synonym for traditional as it is used in the sentence?
- A. old-fashioned
- B. conventional
- C. expensive
- D. popular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this context, 'traditional' is used to describe the characteristic of a comic book that follows long-established conventions. The word 'conventional' is the most appropriate synonym because it implies something that follows standard or established practices. 'Old-fashioned' suggests something outdated, which is not the intended meaning here. 'Expensive' and 'popular' do not relate to the context of how comic books are released and do not align with the meaning of 'traditional' in this specific context.