Nokea
Which of the following statements describes Piaget's stage of concrete operations?
- A. Reflex activity proceeds to imitative behavior.
- B. There is an increased ability to see another's point of view.
- C. Thought processes become more logical and coherent.
- D. The ability to think abstractly leads to logical conclusions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Concrete operations (ages 7-11) involve logical, coherent thought about concrete events. Perspective-taking develops but is not primary, and abstract thinking is characteristic of later stages.
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A Miller-Abbott tube is ordered for a client. The nurse knows that the main reason this tube is inserted is to
- A. provide an avenue for nutrients to flow past an obstructed area.
- B. prevent fluid and gas accumulation in the stomach.
- C. administer drugs that can be absorbed directly from the inTest inal mucosa.
- D. remove fluid and gas from the small inTest ine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Miller-Abbott tube provides for inTest inal decompression; inTest inal tube is often used for treatment of paralytic ileus
The nurse is caring for a 10 year-old child who has just been diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The parents ask about the treatment prescribed, vasopressin. What is priority in teaching the child and family about this drug?
- A. The child should carry a nasal spray for emergency use
- B. The family must observe the child for dehydration
- C. Parents should administer the daily intramuscular injections
- D. The client needs to take daily injections in the short-term
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus results from reduced secretion of the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin. The child will need to administer daily injections of vasopressin, and should have the nasal spray form of the medication readily available. A medical alert tag should be worn.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis about hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I should report vision changes to my doctor.
- B. I should take this medication with food.
- C. I should have regular eye exams.
- D. I should stop this medication if my joints feel better.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stopping hydroxychloroquine when joints feel better is incorrect, as rheumatoid arthritis requires ongoing treatment to prevent flares. Options A, B, and C are correct: vision changes may indicate retinal toxicity, food reduces GI upset, and eye exams monitor for toxicity.
A client with a gastric ulcer is losing a significant amount of blood via the NG tube. The client's pulse is weak and thready, and she is hypotensive. A continuous irrigation of normal saline is ordered. How should the client be positioned?
- A. High Fowler's
- B. Semi-Fowler's
- C. Supine
- D. Left-side lying
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Semi-Fowler's position helps prevent aspiration and facilitates gastric drainage in a hypotensive client with gastric bleeding.
The nurse knows that which psychosocial stage should be a priority to consider while planning care for a 20-year-old client?
- A. Identity versus identity diffusion.
- B. Intimacy versus isolation.
- C. Integrity versus despair and disgust.
- D. Industry versus inferiority.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: is the stage for 19- to 35-year-olds