Nokea
Which of the following statements indicates that the client with a peptic ulcer understands the dietary modifications he needs to follow at home?
- A. I should eat a bland, soft diet.'
- B. It is important to eat six small meals a day.'
- C. I should drink several glasses of milk a day.'
- D. I should avoid alcohol and caffeine.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding alcohol and caffeine is critical for peptic ulcer management, as these substances can exacerbate ulcer symptoms and delay healing.
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Which of the following nursing interventions would best accomplish the goal of preventing atelectasis and pneumonia in a postoperative client?
- A. Administer oxygen therapy as needed to maintain adequate oxygenation.
- B. Offer pain medication before having the client deep-breathe and use incentive spirometry.
- C. Encourage the client to cough, deep-breathe, and turn in bed and to 2,000 mL every 24 hours.
- D. Encourage the client to cough, deep-breathe, and turn in bed every 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain control is essential to enable effective deep breathing and incentive spirometry, which prevent atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion. Oxygen and fluid intake are supportive but secondary.
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with dyspnea. The nurse should place the client in which of the following positions?
- A. Fowler's position.
- B. Supine position.
- C. Trendelenburg position.
- D. Left lateral position.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fowler's position (semi-upright) reduces preload and eases breathing in heart failure.
Select the member of the multidisciplinary team that you would most likely collaborate with when the client can benefit from the use of adaptive devices for cutting food?
- A. The physical therapist
- B. The occupational therapist
- C. The dietician
- D. The podiatrist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An occupational therapist specializes in helping clients use adaptive devices to perform activities of daily living, such as cutting food, making them the most appropriate team member for this need.
After surgery to create a urinary diversion, the client is at risk for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should plan to incorporate which of the following interventions into the client's care?
- A. Clamp the urinary appliance at night.
- B. Empty the urinary appliance when one-third full.
- C. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
- D. Change the urinary appliance daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emptying the appliance when one-third full prevents urine stasis, reducing infection risk.
A client who had transurethral resection of the prostate complains of dribbling urine after his Foley catheter is removed on the second postoperative day. The nurse notes that the client had $200 \mathrm{~mL}$ of urine output in the last 8 hours with a $1,000 \mathrm{~mL}$ intake. Which of the following interventions is a priority for the nurse at this time?
- A. Apply a condom catheter
- B. Assess for bladder distention
- C. Obtain a urine specimen for culture
- D. Teach the client Kegel exercises
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low urine output and dribbling post-TURP suggest possible bladder distention, which requires immediate assessment to prevent complications. Other interventions may follow based on findings.