Nokea
Which of the following statements is true about syphilis?
- A. The cause and mode of transmission is unclear
- B. There is no known cure for the disease
- C. When the primary lesion heals, the disease is cured
- D. Syphilis can be cured with a course of antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Syphilis is an acute and chronic treponemal disease that can be cured with antibiotics, such as a single IM dose of long-acting penicillin G (benzathine penicillin) for primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. The cause and transmission (sexual contact) are clear, and healing of the primary lesion does not indicate a cure without treatment.
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Safety measures for using crutches must be taught to clients. Safety measures for the use of crutches include:
- A. properly fitting crutches with rubber tips at the end that provide a four-point gait.
- B. properly fitting crutches, education in the appropriate gait, and strength in the arms.
- C. crutches that fit the way the client chooses and a gait chosen by client.
- D. both legs touching the floor for all gaits.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In addition to the rubber tips on the ends of the crutches, the client needs to know the appropriate gait. Arm strength exercises are important, and it is critical that the client be fitted properly for the crutches.
On first meeting, a new nurse manager makes eye contact, smiles, initiates conversation about the previous work experience of nurses, and encourages active participation by nurses in the dialogue. Her behavior is an example of:
- A. aggressiveness.
- B. passive aggressiveness.
- C. passiveness.
- D. assertiveness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This nurse manager is demonstrating assertive behavior. Aggressive behavior dominates or embarrasses. Passive behavior is nervous or timid. Passive-aggressive behavior is dominating or manipulative without directness.
The experienced nurse and the new nurse are preparing to provide phototherapy to the 4-day-old infant with hyperbilirubinemia. Which information should the experienced nurse include when instructing the new nurse about providing phototherapy for the infant?
- A. Keep the infant fully clothed to prevent chilling and hypothermia.
- B. Cover the infant's eyes with eye shields to prevent retinal damage.
- C. Limit the number of feedings to reduce the number of soiled diapers.
- D. Discontinue the phototherapy if the infant develops a mild skin rash.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B: Eye shields protect retinas from phototherapy light. A: Clothing reduces skin exposure, hindering bilirubin conversion. C: Increased feedings aid bilirubin excretion. D: Mild rashes are harmless and don't warrant discontinuation.
Which type of diet should the nurse provide to help a client who has major burns maintain a positive nitrogen balance?
- A. high protein
- B. high carbohydrate
- C. low carbohydrate
- D. low protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with burns are hypermetabolic and require increased protein levels to maintain a positive nitrogen balance. Choices 2 and 3 are incorrect; carbohydrate levels do not help clients to meet this goal. Choice 4 is incorrect; a client with major burns requires a high-protein diet.
An 80-year-old aphasic CVA client had abdominal surgery 2 days ago. Which of the following puts this client at the highest risk for inadequate pain management?
- A. inability to turn, cough, and breathe deeply
- B. inability to communicate pain
- C. inability to ambulate freely
- D. inability to use a bedside commode
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client cannot speak to alert the nurse to his pain state. The nurse needs to provide alternate methods of communication with the client.