Nokea
Which of the following statements is true about syphilis?
- A. The cause and mode of transmission is unclear
- B. There is no known cure for the disease
- C. When the primary lesion heals, the disease is cured
- D. Syphilis can be cured with a course of antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Syphilis is an acute and chronic treponemal disease that can be cured with antibiotics, such as a single IM dose of long-acting penicillin G (benzathine penicillin) for primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. The cause and transmission (sexual contact) are clear, and healing of the primary lesion does not indicate a cure without treatment.
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Which type of diet should the nurse provide to help a client who has major burns maintain a positive nitrogen balance?
- A. high protein
- B. high carbohydrate
- C. low carbohydrate
- D. low protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with burns are hypermetabolic and require increased protein levels to maintain a positive nitrogen balance. Choices 2 and 3 are incorrect; carbohydrate levels do not help clients to meet this goal. Choice 4 is incorrect; a client with major burns requires a high-protein diet.
Major competencies for the nurse giving end-of-life care include:
- A. demonstrating respect and compassion, and applying knowledge and skills in care of the family and the client.
- B. assessing and intervening to support total management of the family and client.
- C. setting goals, expectations, and dynamic changes to care for the client.
- D. keeping all sad news away from the family and client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There are many competencies that the nurse must have to care for families and clients at the end of life. Demonstration of respect and compassion as well as using knowledge and skills in the care of the client and family are major competencies.
A nurse assesses a 83 year-old female's venous ulcer for the second time that is located near the right medial malleolus. The wound is exhibiting purulent drainage and the patient has limited mobility in her home. Which of the options is the best course of action?
- A. Encourage warm water soaks to the right foot.
- B. Notify the case manager of the purulent drainage.
- C. Determine the patient's pulse in the right ankle.
- D. Recommend increased activity to reduce the purulent drainage.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A determination of arterial blood flow should be made, prior to encouraging increased activity, or notifying additional team members.
The LPN is caring for a client with an NG tube, and the RN administers evening medications through the NG tube. The client asks if he can lie down when the nurse leaves the room. What is the most appropriate response?
- A. You can lie down in 1 hour.
- B. You can lie down in 5 minutes if your NG residual is below 50 mLs.
- C. You can lie down in about 30 minutes.
- D. You can lie down now.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After administering medication through an NG tube, the client should remain upright for 30 minutes to ensure the medications are absorbed.
Safety measures for using crutches must be taught to clients. Safety measures for the use of crutches include:
- A. properly fitting crutches with rubber tips at the end that provide a four-point gait.
- B. properly fitting crutches, education in the appropriate gait, and strength in the arms.
- C. crutches that fit the way the client chooses and a gait chosen by client.
- D. both legs touching the floor for all gaits.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In addition to the rubber tips on the ends of the crutches, the client needs to know the appropriate gait. Arm strength exercises are important, and it is critical that the client be fitted properly for the crutches.