Nokea
Which of the following statements regarding the length-based resuscitation tape measure is correct?
- A. The resuscitation tape estimates a child's weight based on his or her height.
- B. It is a reliable tool in children who are less than 5 years of age.
- C. The red end of the tape measure is placed at the top of the child's head.
- D. The tape measure can be used in children who weigh up to 75 pounds.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A 4-year-old boy ingested an unknown quantity of drain cleaner. He is alert, has a patent airway, and has adequate breathing. You should:
- A. administer 1 g/kg of activated charcoal.
- B. give 15 mL of ipecac and contact medical control.
- C. contact poison control and give him oxygen.
- D. give oxygen and perform a head-to-toe exam.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a child ingests a harmful substance like drain cleaner and remains alert with a patent airway and adequate breathing, the initial steps involve contacting poison control to guide further management. In this scenario, providing oxygen to support respiratory function is essential until definitive care is established. Activated charcoal and ipecac are not recommended in the management of ingested caustic substances like drain cleaner. Performing a head-to-toe exam can wait until the child's immediate respiratory needs are addressed and the poison control center has provided guidance on further management.
A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect:
- A. croup.
- B. foreign body airway obstruction.
- C. lower respiratory infection.
- D. epiglottitis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a 3-year-old child with a sudden onset of respiratory distress and no recent illnesses or fever, the likely cause is a foreign body airway obstruction. Foreign body obstruction can lead to sudden respiratory distress without other preceding symptoms. It is crucial to consider this possibility and act promptly to clear the airway in such cases to prevent serious complications.
A 30-year-old woman is 22 weeks pregnant with her first child. She tells you that her rings are not fitting as loosely as they usually do and that her ankles are swollen. Her blood pressure is 150/86 mm Hg. She is MOST likely experiencing:
- A. a condition unrelated to pregnancy.
- B. gestational diabetes.
- C. a hypertensive emergency.
- D. preeclampsia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms of swollen ankles, tight rings, and elevated blood pressure in a pregnant woman at 22 weeks gestation are concerning for preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, commonly seen with symptoms such as swelling (edema) and protein in the urine. It is crucial to monitor and manage preeclampsia promptly as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the baby.
When you attempt to assess a 22-year-old woman who has been sexually assaulted, she orders you not to touch her. Your MOST appropriate initial action should be to:
- A. obtain a signed refusal and return to service.
- B. transport the patient without performing an assessment.
- C. explain to the patient that she must be examined.
- D. ask a female EMT to attempt to assess the patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
What is the MOST common cause of shock in infants and children?
- A. Severe allergic reaction
- B. Dehydration
- C. Accidental poisoning
- D. Cardiac failure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dehydration is the most common cause of shock in infants and children. In children, the body's fluid reserves are smaller compared to adults, making them more susceptible to dehydration, which can lead to shock if not promptly addressed. Severe allergic reactions, accidental poisoning, and cardiac failure can also cause shock, but dehydration is the most frequent cause in this age group.