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The nurse states to the newly pregnant patient, “Tell me how you feel about being pregnant.” Which communication technique is the nurse using with this patient?
- A. Clarifying
- B. Paraphrasing
- C. Reflection
- D. Structuring
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reflection. The nurse is using the communication technique of reflection by restating the patient's feelings back to her. This technique helps the patient feel heard and understood, promoting a therapeutic relationship. Clarifying (A) involves seeking further information, paraphrasing (B) involves restating the patient's words, and structuring (D) involves organizing the conversation - none of which are demonstrated in the scenario.
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A nurse is teaching a pregnant client who is Rh-negative about Rh (D) immune globulin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. If my partner is Rh-negative, I will not receive the shot.
- B. I will receive the shot after delivery if my baby is Rh-negative.
- C. I should not receive any immunizations for 3 months after the shot.
- D. This shot may be given after birth to protect future pregnancies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If the partner is Rh-negative, the fetus cannot be Rh-positive, so Rh (D) immune globulin is unnecessary.
A nurse is caring for a patient with pyelonephritis. What does the nurse identify as the most common cause?
- A. Escherichia coli
- B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- C. Chlamydia trachomatis
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Escherichia coli. In pyelonephritis, bacteria typically ascend from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. E. coli is the most common cause due to its prevalence in the gastrointestinal tract and ability to cause urinary tract infections. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are more commonly associated with sexually transmitted infections, not pyelonephritis. Candida albicans is a fungal infection and is not a common cause of pyelonephritis.
The United States ranks poorly in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?
- A. Providing more women’sN sheRlterIs G B.C M U S N T O
- B. Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care
- C. Resolving all language and cultural differences
- D. Enrolling pregnant women in the Medicaid program by their eighth month of pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care. Prenatal care plays a crucial role in monitoring the health of the mother and the developing fetus, detecting and managing any potential health issues early on, and providing essential education on nutrition and healthy practices. This ultimately leads to healthier pregnancies, reduced risks of complications, and improved outcomes for both the mother and the infant. Providing more women's shelters (A) may help address social issues but does not directly impact infant mortality rates. Resolving language and cultural differences (C) is important for effective healthcare delivery but is not the primary factor in reducing infant mortality. Enrolling pregnant women in Medicaid (D) is beneficial for access to healthcare but does not address the importance of early and adequate prenatal care in reducing infant mortality rates.
Which resource best describes a health care service representing the tertiary level of prevention?
- A. Stress management seminars
- B. Childbirth education classes for single parents
- C. BSE pamphlet and teaching
- D. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) support group
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A PMS support group represents tertiary prevention, addressing a condition post-occurrence. Primary prevention includes stress management, childbirth education, and BSE pamphlets, which focus on health promotion and early detection.
A 62-year-old woman has not been to the clinic for an annual examination for 5 years. What should the nurse do to facilitate a positive health care experience for this client?
- A. Remind the woman that she is long overdue for her examination.
- B. Carefully listen, and allow extra time for this woman's health history interview.
- C. Reassure the woman that a nurse practitioner is just as good as her old physician.
- D. Encourage the woman to talk about the death of her husband and her fears about her own death.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should listen carefully and allow extra time, as older women may have longer health histories or emotional needs.