Nokea
Which of the following structures is correctly associated with its immune function?
- A. Bone marrow destroys worn out red and white blood cells.
- B. Tonsils are where T-cells are generated and mature.
- C. The spleen removes germs from the blood.
- D. Peyer's patches are where B-cells are generated and mature.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The spleen is responsible for filtering blood and removing germs, making option C the correct association of structure and immune function.
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Lithium has an atomic number of 3 and a mass number of 7. What is the number of protons in a lithium atom?
- A. 7
- B. 4
- C. 12
- D. 3
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number. In this case, lithium has an atomic number of 3, so it contains 3 protons. The mass number (7) includes both protons and neutrons, with the difference between the mass number and atomic number representing the number of neutrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 3 protons in a lithium atom.
Which of the following is a function of bone?
- A. Detoxification of alcohol
- B. Production of otoliths
- C. Storage of minerals
- D. Secretion of hormones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bones serve as a crucial storage site for essential minerals like calcium and phosphorus. These minerals are indispensable for various physiological functions in the body, such as muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Bones act as a reservoir for these minerals, releasing them into the bloodstream as needed to maintain appropriate mineral levels. Therefore, the correct answer is C, storage of minerals.
What type of tissue largely makes up the pharynx?
- A. Bone
- B. Muscle
- C. Nervous
- D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pharynx is mostly composed of muscle tissue, which enables it to carry out functions like swallowing and breathing. Muscles in the pharynx contract to propel food into the esophagus during swallowing and aid in vocalization and respiration.
Which of the following spinal regions contains the largest number of vertebrae?
- A. Thoracic
- B. Lumbar
- C. Cervical
- D. Sacral
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The thoracic region contains 12 vertebrae, which is more than the 5 lumbar, 7 cervical, and 5 sacral vertebrae.
Which component of an atom has relatively little mass that is considered negligible when calculating the atomic mass number?
- A. Neutron
- B. Proton
- C. Electron
- D. Quark
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electron. Electrons have significantly less mass compared to protons and neutrons, making their contribution to the atomic mass number negligible. When calculating the atomic mass, the mass of electrons is typically not factored in due to their minimal mass compared to the other components of the atom. While protons and neutrons contribute significantly to the atomic mass number, electrons, due to their much smaller mass, are considered to have a negligible impact on the overall calculation. Therefore, electrons can be disregarded when determining the atomic mass of an atom.