Nokea
Which of the following tests is used to assess fetal lung maturity?
- A. Non-stress test
- B. Biophysical profile
- C. Amniocentesis
- D. Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio. This test is used to assess fetal lung maturity by measuring the ratio of two substances found in the amniotic fluid. An L/S ratio greater than 2:1 is indicative of mature fetal lungs. This test is crucial in determining if a baby can breathe adequately after birth. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Non-stress test monitors fetal heart rate and movements, B) Biophysical profile assesses fetal well-being, and C) Amniocentesis is a procedure to collect amniotic fluid for genetic testing.
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Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to implement? For each potential nursing action, click to specify if the intervention is indicated or contraindicated for the newborn.
- A. Educate the parents to begin range of motion exercises on the affected arm after 1 week.
- B. Assess for grasp reflex in the affected extremity.
- C. Immobilize the arm across the abdomen by pinning the newborn's sleeve to their shirt.
- D. Instruct parents to limit physical handling for 2 weeks.
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Educate the parents to begin range of motion exercises on the affected arm after 1 week is indicated. Passive ROM exercises of the arm are indicated to restore function of the extremity. The initiation of these exercises is delayed for approximately 1 week to prevent additional injury to the brachial plexus. Assess for grasp reflex in the affected extremity is indicated. With Erb-Duchenne paralysis, only the upper arm is affected. The function of the wrists and fingers should be unaffected; the nurse should assess for a palmar grasp reflex.Immobilize the arm across the abdomen by pinning the newborn's sleeve to their shirt is indicated. Intermittent immobilization of the affected arm across the newborn's abdomen can be achieved by pinning the sleeve to the shirt.Instruct parents to limit physical handling for 2 weeks is contraindicated. Parents and guardians should participate in the physical care of their newborn to increase parental-infant attachment. Providing education and practice opportunities for the parents will decrease their fears of injuring the newborn and increase confidence and bonding.
A nurse is discussing fertility treatment options with a client and their partner. Which of the following nonpharmacological treatments should the nurse suggest?
- A. Use a lubricant during intercourse.
- B. Drink herbal tea two times daily.
- C. Maintain a healthy weight.
- D. Take daily hot baths.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Maintain a healthy weight.
Rationale: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for fertility as obesity or being underweight can impact fertility. Excess body fat can disrupt hormone levels and ovulation, while being underweight can also affect reproductive function. By suggesting the couple to maintain a healthy weight, the nurse is promoting overall reproductive health.
Summary of other choices:
A: Using a lubricant during intercourse does not address the underlying fertility issues.
B: Drinking herbal tea may not have a direct impact on fertility and lacks scientific evidence.
D: Taking daily hot baths can actually decrease sperm count and affect fertility.
E, F, G: These options are not provided but would likely not be as relevant as maintaining a healthy weight.
Select the 3 findings that require immediate follow-up.
- A. Lateral deviation of the uterus
- B. Deep tendon reflexes 1+
- C. Pain rating of 3 on a scale of 0 to 10 (increased)
- D. Peripheral edema 2+ bilateral lower extremities
- E. Uterine tone soft
- F. Large amount of lochia rubra
- G. Blood pressure 136/86 mm Hg
Correct Answer: A,B,C,G
Rationale: These findings suggest uterine atony and bladder distention, which can lead to postpartum hemorrhage, a life-threatening emergency. Immediate interventions include fundal massage, bladder emptying, and administration of uterotonic medications.
Which of the following is a potential complication of a preterm infant?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Respiratory distress syndrome
- C. Hyperbilirubinemia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Preterm infants are at increased risk for various complications due to their immature organ systems. Hypoglycemia can occur due to limited glycogen stores. Respiratory distress syndrome results from insufficient surfactant production in underdeveloped lungs. Hyperbilirubinemia is common as the liver may not efficiently process bilirubin. Choosing D is correct as all these complications can affect preterm infants. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they individually address only one potential complication, whereas D encompasses all possibilities.
Which of the following is a potential ethical issue related to neonatal intensive care?
- A. Allocation of resources
- B. Withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
- C. Use of alternative therapies without informed consent
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All of the above are potential ethical issues in neonatal intensive care. Allocation of resources raises questions about fairness, withholding or withdrawing treatment involves difficult decisions about quality of life, and using alternative therapies without consent violates patient autonomy.