Nokea
Which of the following theories explains that organizations are made up of intertwined links and diversified choices that generate unanticipated consequences?
- A. Contingency theory
- B. Closed system theory
- C. Open system theory
- D. Chaos theory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chaos theory. This theory explains that organizations are complex systems with interconnected elements that can lead to unpredictable outcomes. Chaos theory emphasizes the nonlinear dynamics and sensitivity to initial conditions within organizations.
A: Contingency theory focuses on the idea that there is no one best way to organize. It does not specifically address the generation of unanticipated consequences.
B: Closed system theory assumes organizations are isolated and self-sufficient, which does not align with the idea of generating unanticipated consequences.
C: Open system theory emphasizes how organizations interact with their environment, but it does not directly address the generation of unanticipated consequences within the organization.
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A client with limited mobility in their lower extremities is at risk for skin breakdown. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent skin breakdown?
- A. Place the client in high-Fowler's position.
- B. Increase the client's intake of carbohydrates.
- C. Massage areas of skin that are darker than the surrounding skin tissue with unscented lotion.
- D. Have the client use a trapeze bar when changing position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increase the client's intake of carbohydrates. Adequate nutrition, including carbohydrates, is essential for skin health and wound healing. Carbohydrates provide energy for the body's healing processes. Skin breakdown can be prevented by ensuring the client has a well-balanced diet.
A: Placing the client in high-Fowler's position is not directly related to preventing skin breakdown in this scenario.
C: Massaging areas of skin that are darker than the surrounding skin tissue with lotion may cause more harm than good, as it can increase the risk of skin breakdown.
D: Having the client use a trapeze bar when changing position is important for mobility but does not directly address the prevention of skin breakdown.
The ANA is a registered labor organization, but it does not engage in direct __________.
- A. Empower union affiliation
- B. Reward union affiliation
- C. Encourage union affiliation
- D. Collective bargaining
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Collective bargaining. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is a professional organization representing nurses, not a labor union. Therefore, it does not engage in direct collective bargaining on behalf of its members. Collective bargaining is the process of negotiation between employers and employees, typically labor unions, to determine wages, working conditions, and other terms of employment. The other choices (A, B, C) are incorrect because the ANA focuses on professional development, advocacy, and promoting the interests of nurses rather than traditional labor union activities like empowering, rewarding, or encouraging union affiliation.
You believe that you are working harder than other nurses and that you take care of patients that are more complex. You are angry that other staff nurses have less complex and lower acuity patients, but you __________ .
- A. Avoid discussing the situation because you do not want to be perceived as a complainer.
- B. Know that you need to discuss the inequity with the nurse manager because you are resenting the work and becoming more dissatisfied in your job
- C. A & B
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. This is because both options A and B are valid courses of action in this scenario. Option A suggests avoiding discussing the situation to prevent being seen as a complainer, which can be a mature approach to handle the situation diplomatically. Option B emphasizes the importance of addressing the inequity with the nurse manager to prevent increasing dissatisfaction with the job. By choosing option C, you can combine the benefits of both approaches, addressing the issue with the nurse manager while also maintaining professionalism and avoiding unnecessary conflict with colleagues.
Who is the best person to describe the job to an applicant?
- A. Previous employee
- B. Human resource manager
- C. Nursing manager
- D. Chief operating officer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the nursing manager. A nursing manager is directly involved in overseeing the job duties and requirements, making them the best person to provide an accurate description to an applicant. They have detailed knowledge of the role and can provide insights on what the job entails. A previous employee may offer subjective views, while a human resource manager may not have a deep understanding of the specific job duties. The chief operating officer may not have direct knowledge of the day-to-day responsibilities of the position. Therefore, the nursing manager is the most suitable choice for describing the job accurately to an applicant.
How has advanced technology in health care, such as integrated health records, benefited nurses?
- A. Skip the assessment step of the nursing process
- B. Order medications
- C. Take blood samples
- D. Track patients' vital signs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Track patients' vital signs. Advanced technology in health care, like integrated health records, allows nurses to efficiently monitor and analyze patients' vital signs in real-time. This helps them make informed decisions and provide timely interventions. Nurses still need to conduct thorough assessments (eliminating choice A), order medications (not solely technology-dependent like choice B), and take blood samples (a part of physical assessments, not solely technology-related like choice C). Tracking vital signs is crucial in patient care, as it provides continuous monitoring and early detection of any changes, allowing nurses to intervene promptly.