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Which of the following types of study should the nurse researcher choose if the goal is to identify the
- A. Cross-sectional study
- B. Ecologic study
- C. Clinical trial
- D. Retrospective analysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cross-sectional study. This type of study is best suited for identifying the current prevalence of a condition or characteristic within a population at a specific point in time. It provides a snapshot of the population, allowing for quick and efficient data collection. Cross-sectional studies are ideal for determining associations between variables but cannot establish causality. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Ecologic study examines population-level data rather than individual-level data, making it less suitable for identifying specific characteristics within a population. C: Clinical trial focuses on testing interventions and treatments rather than identifying characteristics. D: Retrospective analysis looks back at past data and may not provide a current snapshot of the population.
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Why are nurses increasingly providing care in clients homes rather than in hospitals? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Home care is less expensive.
- B. It is much more efficient to give care in the home.
- C. Nurses prefer to give home care with individual attention.
- D. People prefer to receive care in their homes rather than in hospitals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Home care is less expensive. This is because providing care in clients' homes eliminates the high costs associated with hospital stays, such as room charges, equipment use, and overhead expenses. Nurses can provide necessary care in a cost-effective manner by visiting clients in their homes.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Efficiency may vary depending on the situation, and home care may not always be more efficient.
C: While nurses may appreciate the individual attention aspect of home care, personal preference is not the primary reason for the shift.
D: While some people may prefer to receive care at home, this alone is not the main driver for the trend towards home care.
When talking to a womens group at the senior citizens center, the nurse reminded them that the
- A. Ensure that the women did not expect the nurse to solve their problem
- B. Demonstrate that the nurse understood the womens concerns and needs
- C. Express empathy, support, and concern
- D. Help the women engage in political action
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the nurse is setting appropriate boundaries by reminding the women not to expect her to solve their problems. This empowers the women to take control of their own situations and seek appropriate resources. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on the nurse's understanding rather than empowering the women. Option C is incorrect because while empathy is important, it does not address the issue of setting boundaries. Option D is incorrect as it introduces a new concept of political action which is not relevant to the situation.
The nurse labels a patient an alcoholic because of his or her ethnicity. Which of the following best describes this action by the nurse?
- A. Stereotyping
- B. Prejudice
- C. Racism
- D. Ethnocentrism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stereotyping. Stereotyping is the act of categorizing individuals based on certain characteristics or traits, such as ethnicity, without considering individual differences. In this case, the nurse is assuming the patient is an alcoholic solely based on their ethnicity, which is a form of stereotyping. Prejudice (B) involves holding negative attitudes or beliefs about a particular group, which is not explicitly stated in the scenario. Racism (C) involves discrimination or prejudice based on race, not necessarily ethnicity. Ethnocentrism (D) is the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group, which is not directly applicable in this situation.
A school nurse wants to decrease the incidence of obesity in elementary school children. Which of
- A. Giving a presentation on the importance of exercise and physical fitness
- B. Designing a game in which students select healthy food choices
- C. Weighing students to identify those who are overweight
- D. Putting students on a diet if they weigh greater than 20% of their ideal weight
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating students on the importance of exercise and physical fitness promotes long-term healthy habits. This approach focuses on prevention rather than intervention, empowering children to make informed choices. Choice B may help students make healthy food choices but doesn't address the importance of physical activity. Choice C may lead to stigma and doesn't promote positive behavior change. Choice D is not recommended as putting students on a diet without proper guidance can be harmful.
A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a cultural competence training program. Which outcome is the nurse most likely to measure?
- A. Increase in client acuity levels
- B. Reduction in health care costs
- C. Improvement in client satisfaction scores
- D. Decrease in client wait times
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is most likely to measure improvement in client satisfaction scores because cultural competence training aims to enhance the nurse's ability to provide care that is respectful and responsive to diverse cultural beliefs and practices. By measuring client satisfaction, the nurse can assess if the training program has successfully improved the quality of care provided to clients from different cultural backgrounds. This outcome reflects the program's effectiveness in promoting culturally competent care and fostering positive relationships with clients.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Increase in client acuity levels is not directly related to cultural competence training.
B: Reduction in healthcare costs may be a positive outcome but not the primary focus of cultural competence training.
D: Decrease in client wait times is important but not the primary outcome of cultural competence training.