Nokea
The majority of history scholars agree that the open warfare portion of the American War for Independence began in two small Massachusetts towns: Lexington and Concord. To stop the British from discovering military supplies hidden in Concord, the American Minutemen attempted to stall or halt the British Regulars in Lexington Common. While the opposing factions were facing off against one another, a shot was fired from an unknown source, causing hostilities to break into violence. After the skirmish at Lexington settled, multiple people from both sides lay dead and the British continued their way toward Concord.
Which of the following words from the sentence above has a negative connotation?
- A. Contained
- B. Shocked
- C. Complimentary
- D. Reportedly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The word 'shocked' has a negative connotation as it implies a strong feeling of surprise or dismay. In the context of the provided extract, the word 'shocked' would be fitting to describe the reaction of individuals witnessing the sudden outbreak of violence during the skirmish at Lexington and Concord. The other choices do not carry a negative connotation in this context: 'Contained' is neutral, 'Complimentary' is positive, and 'Reportedly' is neutral.
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The volunteers for the incumbent candidate planned to canvass the neighborhood in an Attempt to garner more support from constituents in their political party. Unbeknownst to them, the voter address list was erroneously switched. Meaning that although they were walking door to door, they were walking to the doors of people registered under a different political party.
In a surprising twist, the process of discussing the candidate's stance on the issues did raise support. On Election Day, the incumbent candidate lost, but received more votes in the neighborhoods where volunteers canvassed, despite focusing on members of the opposing party.
Which detail from the passage supports the conclusion that the passage takes place in the 21st century?
- A. His office was on the thirtieth floor, far too high to get much more than a faint glow from the street lights below.
- B. Shia froze, as if he were caught by the gaze of Medusa.
- C. He sent his boss a single text message before turning over and trying to force himself to sleep.
- D. Shia didn't stop running until he had burst the ground floor exit to the parking garage and found his car.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The reference to sending a text message in the passage is a clear indication of the 21st century. This action of sending a text message is a modern communication method commonly associated with contemporary times. Choices A, B, and D do not provide any specific details or actions that distinctly tie them to the 21st century. Choice A focuses on the location of an office, which does not inherently place the passage in a specific time period. Choice B uses a metaphorical reference to Medusa, which is a mythological figure not limited to any particular era. Choice D describes a scene involving running to a parking garage, which could occur in various time periods without indicating a specific century.
Hedy Lamarr was a woman of many talents. She was first known as a European film actress in the 1930s and early 1940s. Some of her popular films included Boom Town (1940) and White Cargo (1942); however, her roles generally did not include very many spoken lines and she became bored. To relieve this boredom, Lamarr took up inventing.
Hedy Lamarr did not have any formal training, but she did not allow that to stop her from teaching herself in her spare time. Although she had a number of failed inventions, such as an improved traffic light and a carbonated drink, Lamarr did not stop coming up with ideas. She even spent time working with the science engineering team employed by Howard Hughes, the aviation tycoon.
During World War II, Lamarr learned that one of the military's new technologies, radio-controlled torpedoes, were too easily jammed and redirected. She came up with a type of radio signal that changed, or "hopped," frequencies and was unable to be tracked or disrupted. With the assistance of her friend George Antheil, she was able to design the system and patent it in August 1942.
Unfortunately, the United States Navy was not interested. The technology of the era wasn't quite good enough to easily implement Lamarr's system, and the Navy was not particularly interested in civilian inventions at the time. It wasn't until 20 years later, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, that a version of Lamarr's system began appearing on Navy ships.
The work Lamarr and Antheil did creating this frequency-hopping system led to many technologies that are often taken for granted today. Their work led to the development of cell phones, Bluetooth, and WiFi. Just think, we might not have any of those things if Hedy Lamarr had been given more interesting roles.
What was one of Hedy Lamarr's notable inventions?
- A. Improved traffic light
- B. Carbonated drink
- C. Radio-controlled torpedoes
- D. Frequency-hopping system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of Hedy Lamarr's notable inventions was the frequency-hopping system, which she developed during World War II to secure radio-controlled torpedoes. This system changed frequencies to prevent jamming by enemies. Lamarr's frequency-hopping technology laid the groundwork for modern technologies like cell phones, Bluetooth, and WiFi. Choices A and B are mentioned as some of Lamarr's failed inventions in the passage. Choice C refers to the military technology that inspired Lamarr's invention, not her invention itself.
Grandma Harry; 30 minutes; Cookies/Desserts; Makes 1 dozen
- 1 egg
- ¾ cup sugar
- 1 cup peanut butter
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- ½ cup flour
Beat egg white until foamy. Stir in sugar, beat again until stiff peaks form. Gently fold in peanut butter and vanilla. Add flour in small increments until dough forms. Chill dough for at least 2 hours. Roll into balls, roll in sugar, press down with a fork, and bake at
350 degrees F for 10 to 12 minutes. Let cool on cookie sheet. These are very fragile.
Which of the following words are synonyms for 'erroneously' as used in the passage?
- A. Correctly
- B. Inconsequentially
- C. Mistakenly
- D. Extraneously
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 'Erroneously' means incorrectly or mistakenly, which aligns with the context provided in the passage. Therefore, 'Incorrectly' and 'Mistakenly' are synonyms for 'erroneously.' 'Inconsequentially' means not resulting in any significant consequence, which is not synonymous with 'erroneously.' 'Extraneously' means irrelevant or unnecessary, which is also not a synonym for 'erroneously.'
Research shows that tipping in a restaurant has little to no effect on service. What tipping does do is enable restauranteurs to pay less than the federal minimum wage to servers and depend on customers to make up the difference between servers' salaries and the minimum wage.
The U.S. federal minimum wage for servers is $2.13 per hour. Although minimum wage varies from state to state, it is safe to say that customers are paying the lion's share of servers' salaries. This practice leads to resentment on the part of customers and it devalues servers. It's time to abolish tipping and pay employees a living wage. The result may well be happy servers who provide excellent service to grateful customers.
Which of the following words is a synonym for avian in this passage?
- A. Bird
- B. Flying
- C. Aerial
- D. Plane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The word 'avian' refers to birds, so the synonym is 'Bird.' In the provided passage, the term 'avian' is used to refer to birds, making 'Bird' the correct synonym. 'Flying' and 'Aerial' are related to the concept of flight but do not specifically refer to birds. 'Plane' refers to an aircraft and is not synonymous with 'avian' or 'bird.' Therefore, 'Bird' is the most appropriate choice as a synonym for avian in this context.
Shia looked up from his monitor, rubbed his eyes, and stared down the dark hallway toward the CFO's office. He was certain a sound had come from behind the closed door. It was a heavy thump like someone had a dropped a bowling ball. There shouldn't be anyone else here at this house, Shia thought to himself as he looked at his watch. The only illumination came from Shia's computer monitor. His office was on the thirteenth floor, far too high to get much more than a faint glow from the street lights below. Shia slowly stood up before reaching down to turn off the computer screen, hoping to hide in the darkness.
He considered turning on his phone's flashlight, but his thoughts were cut short by a loud crash followed by the unmistakable tinkling of shattered glass. Shia froze as if he were caught by the gaze of Medusa. The initial doubt that he would actually find someone snooping around the CFO's office had turned to an icy fear that gripped his lungs and would not let him breathe. His heart was pounding loudly in his ears; he knew whoever was in his boss's office must be able to hear it. Another crash, followed by a loud howl that he was sure couldn't be human, shocked Shia into motion. He broke into a run, in the opposite direction. He sprinted for the emergency stairwell and rushed downward, jumping over the...
Which of the following supports evaluating a logical argument?
- A. Unbiased information
- B. Generalizations
- C. Emotional statements
- D. Anecdotes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unbiased information is crucial for assessing the validity and soundness of an argument. It helps in making informed judgments based on facts rather than personal opinions or biases. Choice B, generalizations, can oversimplify complex issues and lack specific evidence, making them unreliable for evaluating logical arguments. Emotional statements (Choice C) can cloud judgment and introduce subjective elements that may not be logically relevant. Anecdotes (Choice D) are specific instances that may not represent the overall truth or validity of an argument, making them less reliable for logical evaluation.