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Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to teach the mother of a 6-month-old infant hospitalized with severe diarrhea to help her comfort her infant who is fussy?
- A. Offering a pacifier.
- B. Placing a mobile above the crib.
- C. Sitting at crib side talking to the infant.
- D. Turning the television on to cartoons.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A pacifier provides non-nutritive sucking, soothing a fussy infant.
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An adolescent female is prescribed amoxicillin for an ear infection. The nurse should teach the adolescent about the risks associated with her concurrent use of:
- A. Antacids.
- B. Oral contraceptives.
- C. Multiple vitamins.
- D. Protein shakes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amoxicillin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. The nurse should educate the adolescent about this interaction and suggest additional contraceptive measures during antibiotic therapy.
After teaching the parents of a neonate diagnosed with a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) about this anomaly, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the father describes the condition as which of the following?
- A. The muscle below the stomach is too tight, causing the baby to vomit forcefully.
- B. There is a blind upper pouch and an opening from the esophagus into the airway.
- C. The lower bowel is lacking certain nerves to allow normal function.
- D. A part of the bowel is on the outside without anything covering it.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TEF involves a blind esophageal pouch and a fistula connecting the esophagus to the trachea, as described.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Which food should the nurse instruct them to avoid?
- A. Rice.
- B. Wheat.
- C. Corn.
- D. Potatoes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding wheat, barley, and rye. Rice, corn, and potatoes are gluten-free and safe.
Which of the following behaviors exhibited by the parents of an infant with pyloric stenosis should the nurse correctly interpret as a positive indication of parental coping?
- A. Telling the nurse that they have to get away for a while.
- B. Discussing the infant's care realistically.
- C. Repeatedly asking if their child is normal.
- D. Exhibiting fear that they will disturb the infant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Realistic discussion of care indicates acceptance and engagement with the situation.
An 8-year-old with diabetes is placed on neutral and immune Hagedorn (NPH) and regular insulin before breakfast and before dinner. She will receive a snack of milk and cereal at bedtime. The snack will:
- A. Help her regain lost weight.
- B. Provide carbohydrates for immediate use.
- C. Prevent late night hypoglycemia.
- D. Help her stay on her diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A bedtime snack with NPH insulin prevents late-night hypoglycemia by providing carbohydrates during peak insulin action. It is not primarily for weight gain, immediate use, or diet adherence.