Nokea
Which of the following would be the most accurate description of dorsal flexion assessment?
- A. Ask the patient to press his or her toes toward the foot of the bed, applying pressure against the palms of your hands so you can assess the strength and equality of the flexion between the two sides
- B. Ask the patient to pull his or her toes toward the head, pulling against the palms of your hands so you can assess the strength and equality of the flexion between the two sides
- C. Ask the patient to gently point his or her toes toward the foot of the bed so you can assess agility and coordination of the lower extremities
- D. Ask the patient to gently point his or her toes toward the head so you can assess the neuromuscular activity of his lower extremities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dorsal flexion involves pulling the toes toward the head, assessed for strength and equality against resistance.
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You have assessed the patient's pupils by shining a light into both pupils as you learned to assess both pupil reflexes and accommodation response. What acronym would you document that would indicate that all findings were within normal parameters?
- A. PERRLA
- B. PEARL
- C. PERRL
- D. PARLA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PERRLA stands for Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light, and Accommodation, indicating normal pupil findings.
A patient was admitted yesterday with pneumonia. When auscultating his breath sounds you detect rales in the right lower lobe. How quickly should you reassess this abnormal finding?
- A. Within 15 minutes
- B. Within 60 minutes
- C. In less than 2 hours
- D. In 4 hours or less
- E. When the patient complains of dyspnea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rales (crackles) indicate fluid in the lungs, requiring reassessment within 2 hours to monitor for worsening pneumonia or respiratory distress.
Which lobe(s) of the lungs is(are) accessible for auscultation only posteriorly and laterally?
- A. The left upper lobe
- B. The left lower lobe
- C. The right upper lobe
- D. The right middle lobe
- E. The right lower lobe
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The left and right lower lobes are accessible posteriorly and laterally due to their anatomical position.
What are the acronyms used to indicate the quadrants of the abdomen?
- A. RLQ
- B. LMQ
- C. LUQ
- D. RMQ
- E. RUQ
- F. LLQ
Correct Answer: A,C,E,F
Rationale: The abdomen is divided into four quadrants: RLQ (right lower quadrant), LUQ (left upper quadrant), RUQ (right upper quadrant), and LLQ (left lower quadrant).
Blood pressure can provide you with information regarding which of the following?
- A. Central nervous system
- B. Cardiovascular system
- C. Integumentary system
- D. Renal system
- E. Fluid status
- F. Infection
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Blood pressure reflects cardiovascular function (B), renal function (D) through regulation of blood volume, and fluid status (E) as it affects vascular volume.