Nokea
Which of the following would cause an increase in cardiac output? Select all that apply.
- A. Increased stroke volume
- B. Increased blood volume
- C. Increased sympathetic stimulation
- D. Administration of positive inotropic drugs
- E. Increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Increased stroke volume directly increases cardiac output. Increased blood volume enhances preload, boosting output. C: Correct - Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate and contractility. D: Correct - Positive inotropes enhance contractility, increasing output. E: Incorrect - Increased SVR increases afterload, reducing cardiac output.
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The nurse cares for a client with the below tracing on the electrocardiogram. The client is unresponsive and without a pulse. The nurse should implement which priority treatment based on the tracing
- A. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
- B. Perform immediate defibrillation
- C. Initiate intravenous (IV) access
- D. Review the client's most recent electrolyte levels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulseless ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia requires immediate defibrillation to restore rhythm.
The nurse is caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with acute pericarditis. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the primary health care provider (PHCP) will prescribe?
- A. isoniazid
- B. colchicine
- C. allopurinol
- D. warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine is used to reduce inflammation in acute pericarditis, often combined with NSAIDs.
The nurse is assessing a client's cardiac rhythm strip and notices that it is irregular without any P waves before the QRS complexes. The nurse should interpret this as
- A. sinus tachycardia.
- B. sinus bradycardia.
- C. normal sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions (PVC).
- D. atrial fibrillation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular rhythm and absent P waves due to chaotic atrial activity.
Which of the following assessment findings would be expected in a client with venous thromboembolism in the lower extremity? Select all that apply.
- A. Pain
- B. Swelling
- C. Paralysis
- D. Pulse deficit
- E. Dependent rubor
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Pain is common due to inflammation and clot obstruction in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Swelling occurs due to venous obstruction and fluid accumulation. C: Incorrect - Paralysis is not typical in VTE; it may suggest a neurological issue. D: Incorrect - Pulse deficit is associated with arterial issues, not venous. E: Incorrect - Dependent rubor is characteristic of arterial insufficiency, not VTE.
The nurse assesses a client three hours following cardiac surgery. Assessment findings were a blood pressure of 88/52 mm Hg, jugular venous distention, and muffled heart sounds. The nurse anticipates that this client will need an immediate
- A. thoracentesis.
- B. pericardiocentesis.
- C. arthrocentesis.
- D. paracentesis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These findings suggest cardiac tamponade, requiring pericardiocentesis to remove fluid compressing the heart.