Nokea
Which of the following would the nurse emphasize when teaching the client and family about measures to prevent reinfection and the transmission of a parasitic infection to others?
- A. Wash hands thoroughly before preparing or eating food.
- B. Disinfect toilets daily.
- C. Bathe daily.
- D. Disinfect the bathtub or shower stall immediately after bathing.
- E. Avoid putting fingers in the mouth or biting fingernails.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Important measures to include in the teaching plan to prevent reinfection and the transmission of a parasitic infection to others include the following: washing hands thoroughly before preparing or eating food, disinfecting toilets daily, bathing daily (showering is best), disinfecting the bathtub or shower stall immediately after bathing, and avoiding putting fingers in the mouth or biting fingernails.
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A nurse understands that anthelmintic drugs are contraindicated in which patients?
- A. Patients who are pregnant
- B. Patients with myasthenia gravis
- C. Patients with clinical depression
- D. Children younger than 15 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anthelmintic drugs are contraindicated in patients who are pregnant. Quinine, not anthelmintic drugs, should not be prescribed for patients with myasthenia gravis. Anthelmintic drugs are not known to be contraindicated in patients with clinical depression or in children younger than 15.
Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan as an adverse reaction for a client receiving antihelminthic therapy?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Hypoglycemia
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Antihelminthics cause several generalized adverse reactions that the client should be advised of, including drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and cramps, and diarrhea.
A nurse would expect to administer antihelminthic therapy cautiously to which of the following clients?
- A. Clients who are lactating
- B. Clients with hepatic impairment
- C. Clients with anemia
- D. Clients with diabetes
- E. Clients with renal impairment
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Antihelminthic drugs should be used cautiously in lactating clients and clients with hepatic or renal impairment and malnutrition or anemia.
A client receiving which of the following would the nurse identify as being at increased risk for candidal infections?
- A. Antihypertensive therapy
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Hypoglycemic agents
- D. Immunosuppressive agents
- E. Oral contraceptives
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Clients who are at increased risk for candidal infections are those who are immunocompromised, have diabetes, are pregnant, or are taking oral contraceptives, antibiotics, or corticosteroids, as well as posttransplant or surgical clients.
A patient is receiving chloroquine. The nurse would instruct the client to do which of the following?
- A. Avoid foods that acidify the urine.
- B. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
- C. Increase dosage if dosage missed once.
- D. Discontinue drug if color of urine changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient to avoid foods that acidify the urine (cranberries, plums, prunes, meats, cheeses, eggs, fish, and grains), as they may interact with the antimalarial drug and increase excretion and thereby decrease the effectiveness of chloroquine while taking the drug. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not advisable for antimalarial drugs. The nurse should instruct the patient to adhere to the dosage regimen unless instructed otherwise. Yellow or brownish discoloration of the urine during chloroquine treatment is normal; there is no need to discontinue the therapy.