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Which of these actions by the nurse best prevents medication errors when administering medications to a client?
- A. Checking the client's wristband before giving medications
- B. Using two forms of client identification before administering medication
- C. Administering medications at the exact time they are ordered
- D. Verifying the medication order with another nurse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using two forms of client identification (e.g., name and medical record number) is the best practice to prevent medication errors by ensuring the right client receives the medication.
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Hearing screening of prematurely born infants is an effective means of identifying disease and is an example of:
- A. primary prevention.
- B. secondary prevention.
- C. tertiary prevention.
- D. disability prevention.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The three levels of prevention address disease and disability across all phases, from absence of disease and at risk for disease, to preventing further impairment. Hearing impairment associated with prematurity cannot be prevented by screening, but identifying the infants with hearing loss might prevent sequelae and further impairment by allowing early intervention.
The client with dementia and confusion is transferred from the hospital to the nursing home. The client's family has not yet arrived at the nursing home. Which direction is appropriate for the RN to provide to the LPN?
- A. "Take a photograph of the new resident; it is needed to administer medications."
- B. "Place the person in a wheelchair near the nurse's station until the family arrives."
- C. "Help the new resident change into clothing with Velcro closures for easy removal."
- D. "Perform a full-body assessment and document this in the resident's medical record."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the client near the nurse's station ensures supervision and safety for a client with dementia, who is at risk for falling or wandering.
After an explosion at a factory one of the employees approaches the nurse and says 'I am an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) at the local hospital.' Which of these tasks should the nurse assign first to this worker who wants to help care for the wounded workers?
- A. Get temperatures
- B. Take blood pressure
- C. Palpate pulses
- D. Check alertness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpate pulses. The heart rates would indicate if the client is in shock or has potential for shock. If the pulses could not be palpated, those clients would need to be seen first.
The nurse is planning an educational session for a group of parents with toddlers. Based on the two leading causes of death in toddlers, the nurse should make which topics priority? Select all that apply.
- A. Water safety and methods to prevent drowning.
- B. Use of age- and weight-appropriate car seats.
- C. Nutrition guidelines and age-appropriate foods.
- D. Use of labels to identify poisonous substances.
- E. Safety when outdoors and crossing the street.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Drowning and motor vehicle accidents are the top two causes of death in toddlers, making water safety and car seat use priority topics.
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 3 month-old infant about nutrition. What is the main source of fluids for an infant until about 12 months of age?
- A. Formula or breast milk
- B. Dilute nonfat dry milk
- C. Warmed fruit juice
- D. Fluoridated tap water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Formula or breast milk. Formula or breast milk are the perfect food and source of nutrients and liquids up to 1 year of age.