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Which of these guidelines would a healthcare professional follow when measuring a patient's weight?
- A. The patient is always weighed wearing only undergarments.
- B. The type of scale matters and should be consistent day to day.
- C. The patient should remove heavy outer clothing, shoes, and jackets before weighing.
- D. Attempts should be made to weigh the patient at approximately the same time of day if a sequence of weights is necessary.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When measuring a patient's weight, it is important to ensure accuracy and consistency. If a sequence of repeated weights is necessary, the healthcare professional should attempt to weigh the patient at the same time of day and with the same types of clothing worn each time. It is crucial to use a standardized balance or electronic standing scale for accurate weight measurement. Choice A is incorrect as patients should remove heavy outer clothing, shoes, and jackets before being weighed for accurate results. Choice B is incorrect because the type of scale used does matter and should be consistent for reliable weight tracking. Choice C is incorrect as patients should not leave on heavy outer clothing, shoes, or jackets as these items can add to the weight recorded inaccurately.
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As a charge nurse, what is your primary responsibility for a 50-year-old blind and deaf patient admitted to your floor?
- A. Inform others about the patient's deficits.
- B. Communicate patient safety concerns to your supervisor.
- C. Provide continuous updates to the patient about the social environment.
- D. Provide a secure environment for the patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary responsibility of the charge nurse for a blind and deaf patient is to provide a secure environment. Ensuring patient safety is crucial to prevent medical errors and adverse outcomes. By creating a safe environment, the nurse can protect the patient from harm and promote well-being. Option A is incorrect as the focus should be on ensuring patient safety rather than highlighting deficits. Option B is not the primary responsibility in this scenario, as the immediate concern is the patient's safety. Option C is irrelevant and does not address the patient's primary needs, which are safety and security.
The nurse is assessing the vital signs of a 3-year-old patient who appears to have an irregular respiratory pattern. How would the nurse assess this child's respirations?
- A. Respirations should be counted for 1 full minute.
- B. Child's pulse and respirations should be simultaneously checked for 30 seconds and then multiplied by 2.
- C. Child's respirations should be checked for a minimum of 5 minutes to identify any variations in his or her respiratory pattern.
- D. Patient's respirations should be counted for 15 seconds and then multiplied by 4.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To accurately assess a child's respiratory pattern, the nurse should count respirations for a full minute. This duration provides a comprehensive view of the child's breathing pattern, ensuring abnormalities are not missed. Counting for only 30 seconds may not capture irregularities effectively. Checking respirations for 5 minutes is excessive and unnecessary for a routine assessment. Counting for 15 seconds and multiplying by 4 is not as precise as a full-minute count. Pulse and respirations should not be checked simultaneously; instead, the nurse should count respirations unobtrusively while appearing to take the child's pulse. Therefore, the correct approach is to count the child's respirations for 1 full minute to obtain an accurate assessment.
A triage nurse has four clients arrive in the emergency department within 15 minutes. Which client should the triage nurse send back to be seen first?
- A. A 2-month-old infant with a history of rolling off the bed and having a bulging fontanelle with crying
- B. A teenager who suffered singed facial hair while camping
- C. An elderly client with complaints of frequent liquid brown-colored stools
- D. A middle-aged client with intermittent pain behind the right scapula
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the teenager who suffered singed facial hair while camping. This client is in the greatest danger with a potential risk of respiratory distress. Singed facial hair indicates exposure to heat or fire in close range, which could have caused serious damage to the interior of the lungs. It's crucial to prioritize this client as the interior lining of the lungs has no nerve fibers, so swelling may not be immediately noticeable. The other choices, while concerning, do not present an immediate life-threatening situation. The infant's condition may be serious but does not pose an immediate danger of respiratory distress. The elderly client's symptoms could indicate gastrointestinal issues, which are important but not as urgent as potential respiratory compromise. The middle-aged client's pain behind the right scapula, while uncomfortable, does not indicate an acute life-threatening condition requiring immediate attention.
When taking blood pressures on a variety of people at a health fair, what should the nurse keep in mind?
- A. After menopause, blood pressure readings in women are usually higher than those taken in men.
- B. The blood pressure of an African-American adult is usually higher than that of a non-Hispanic White adult of the same age.
- C. Blood pressure measurements in people who are overweight are usually higher than those of people who are at a normal weight.
- D. A teenager's blood pressure reading may be lower than that of an adult.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When assessing blood pressures, it is important to consider that the blood pressure of African-American adults is typically higher than that of non-Hispanic White adults of the same age. This is significant as Black individuals in the United States have a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to other groups. Blood pressure readings in women are generally higher than in men after menopause. Additionally, blood pressure measurements in overweight individuals are typically higher than those in individuals of normal weight. While teenagers may have lower blood pressure readings than adults, it is crucial to recognize the trend of a gradual rise in blood pressure throughout childhood and into adulthood. Therefore, the correct choice is B. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the typical blood pressure differences observed in various populations.
Your patient ate an 8-ounce cup of Italian ice. How much will you record on the patient's Intake and Output form in terms of this patient's fluid intake?
- A. 240 cc
- B. 120 cc
- C. 8 cc
- D. 0 cc because Italian ice is not a fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 240 cc. Italian ice is considered a fluid, so you would record the intake of 240 cc. Choice B (120 cc) and Choice C (8 cc) are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct amount of fluid intake from an 8-ounce cup of Italian ice. Choice D (0 cc) is incorrect because Italian ice does count as a fluid intake and should be recorded as such.