Nokea
Which of these should not be included when calculating a client's fluid intake?
- A. ice chips
- B. Jell-O™
- C. pudding
- D. IV fluid from an antibiotic piggyback
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pudding is a semi-solid and does not contribute significantly to fluid intake as it does not melt at room temperature. Therefore, it should not be included in fluid intake calculations. On the other hand, ice chips, Jell-O™, and IV fluid from an antibiotic piggyback are all sources of fluid that can significantly contribute to a client's total fluid intake and should be considered when calculating it. Ice chips and Jell-O™ provide hydration upon melting, while IV fluid directly adds to the fluid volume in the body.
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When a client has a chest drainage system in place, where should the system be placed?
- A. above the level of the client's chest
- B. at the level of the client's shoulders
- C. at the level of the chest
- D. below the level of the chest
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A chest drainage system should be placed below the level of the client's chest to ensure proper drainage of fluid from the chest. Placing the system above the level of the chest or at the shoulders would not allow gravity to assist in the drainage process, potentially leading to complications such as fluid accumulation. Similarly, placing it at the level of the chest would not create the necessary gravity-dependent flow for effective drainage, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the chest drainage system.
The LPN is receiving the report on a comatose client at the start of the shift at 1500. What statement should be of most concern?
- A. The client was repositioned on his right side at 1100.
- B. The client was bathed, and the skin was assessed head-to-toe at 0900 with no abnormal findings.
- C. The client's PEG tube was changed 6 months ago.
- D. The client's indwelling urinary catheter was last changed 5 days ago.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When caring for a comatose client, it is crucial to monitor and maintain the integrity of the indwelling urinary catheter to prevent urinary tract infections and other complications. Changing the urinary catheter less frequently than recommended increases the risk of infection. In this scenario, the most concerning issue is the prolonged duration since the last change of the indwelling urinary catheter, which poses an immediate risk to the client's health. While repositioning every 2 hours is essential to prevent skin breakdown, the most critical aspect in this case is the catheter care. Bathing and skin assessment are important for overall hygiene and skin integrity but are not as urgent as catheter care. The timing of the PEG tube change, while relevant for care planning, is not as immediate a concern as the indwelling urinary catheter status.
A client with cirrhosis of the liver presents with ascites. The physician is to perform a paracentesis. For safety, the nurse should ask the client to:
- A. drink 1000 cc of fluid prior to the procedure to aid in fluid loss.
- B. eat foods low in fat.
- C. empty his bladder prior to the procedure.
- D. assume the prone position.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When performing a paracentesis, the client must be sitting up to allow the fluid to settle in the lower abdomen. To prevent trauma to the bladder while inserting a needle to aspirate the fluid, the bladder must be empty. Choice A is incorrect as excessive fluid intake can make the procedure more difficult due to increased abdominal distension. Choice B is unrelated to the procedure of paracentesis. Choice D is incorrect as the client should be sitting up, not in the prone position, during the procedure.
The LPN is preparing to clean a client's PEG tube.The following tasks should the nurse perform EXCEPT?
- A. Gently remove crusty drainage from the site.
- B. Pull the tube in multiple directions to ensure it is secure.
- C. Thoroughly dry the skin around the tube site with a clean towel.
- D. Use mild soap to clean around the tube site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When cleaning a client's PEG tube, the nurse should perform tasks that focus on gentle cleaning and avoiding potential irritants. Choice A is correct as gently removing crusty drainage helps maintain hygiene. Choice C is important to prevent skin irritation and infection. Choice D is appropriate for cleaning the area. Choices B and D are incorrect. Choice B is incorrect because pulling the tube in multiple directions can lead to dislodgement or injury. Choice B is incorrect as talcum powder may irritate the stoma, and it is generally not recommended near PEG tubes.
All of the following clients are in need of an emergency assessment except:
- A. a bleeding client who has an injury from falling debris.
- B. an unresponsive client.
- C. a client with an old injury.
- D. a pregnant woman with imminent delivery.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'a client with an old injury.' Emergency assessments are required for immediate and life-threatening situations. Clients A, B, and D are in need of emergency assessments due to their critical conditions. Choice C, a client with an old injury, does not require an emergency assessment as it is not an acute or life-threatening situation. While the client with an old injury may still need medical attention, it does not necessitate an emergency assessment as the condition is not currently life-threatening or in need of immediate intervention.