Nokea
Which of these tasks are appropriate to delegate to the LPN/LVN who is functioning under the supervision of an RN? (Choose all that apply.)
- A. Assess the sexual implications for a client with oculogenital type Chlamydia trachomatis.
- B. Administer sulfacetamide sodium 10% (Sulf-10 Ophthalmic) to a child with conjunctivitis.
- C. Review handwashing and hygiene practices with clients who have eye infections.
- D. Show clients how to gently cleanse eyelid margins to remove crusting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering medications is within the scope of practice for LPNs/LVNs under RN supervision.
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Vince has been taking excessive amounts of over-the-counter antacid tablets. He has been exhibiting signs of irritability, anxiety, muscle cramping, and weakness, and has recently developed tetany. The physician has initiated seizure precautions. He recognizes that the patient is being monitored and treated for:
- A. Hyperkalemia.
- B. Hyperphosphatemia.
- C. Metabolic acidosis.
- D. Metabolic alkalosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Metabolic alkalosis (D). Excessive intake of antacids containing bicarbonate or calcium carbonate can lead to metabolic alkalosis. Symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, muscle cramping, weakness, and tetany are consistent with elevated blood pH levels due to increased bicarbonate levels.
8. What is acupuncture used for (select all that apply)?
- A. Relieve pain by causing counterirritation in another area of the body.
- B. Reestablish the flow of Qi through meridians to simulate the body’s self-healing mechanism.
- C. Create an inflammatory response at an acupoint, increasing blood circulation and healing energy.
- D. Relieve nausea and vomiting postoperatively, with pregnancy, or related to chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acupuncture is commonly used to reestablish the flow of Qi (option B) and relieve nausea and vomiting (option D), among other therapeutic uses.
For each of the nursing diagnoses listed, identify at least two normal expected physiologic changes related to aging that could be etiologic factors of the diagnosis.
- A. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
- B. Activity intolerance
- C. Risk for injury
- D. Urge urinary incontinence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aging-related changes include decreased appetite, reduced muscle mass, impaired balance, and increased bladder sensitivity—all contributing to various nursing diagnoses.
What nursing measure would be most helpful in obtaining Mr. Smith’s compliance with treatment?
- A. Involve Mrs. Smith in the teaching sessions
- B. Teach Mr. Smith about his prescribed medications
- C. Ask the social worker to talk to Mr. Smith
- D. Refer the Smiths to the American Lung Association
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education empowers patients to understand and adhere to their treatment plans.
When selecting audiovisual and written materials as teaching strategies, what is important for the nurse to do?
- A. Provide the patient with these materials before the planned learning experience.
- B. Ensure that the materials include all the information the patient will need to learn.
- C. Review the materials before use for accuracy and appropriateness to learning needs and goals.
- D. Assess the patient’s auditory and visual ability because these functions are necessary for these strategies to be effective.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Review the materials before use for accuracy and appropriateness to learning needs and goals.' Ensuring the materials are accurate and appropriate is critical to effective teaching. Providing materials beforehand or ensuring they cover all needed information may not always be feasible or necessary.