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Which one of the following can be a positive outcome of using defense mechanisms?
- A. Defense mechanisms can inhibit emotional growth.
- B. Defense mechanisms can lead to poor problem-solving skills.
- C. Defense mechanisms can create difficulty with relationships.
- D. Defense mechanisms can help a person to reduce anxiety.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Defense mechanisms can reduce anxiety, providing temporary relief, though overuse may lead to negative outcomes.
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When teaching a client with generalized anxiety disorder, which is the highest priority for the nurse to teach the client to avoid?
- A. Caffeine
- B. High-fat foods
- C. Refined sugars
- D. Sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Caffeine exacerbates anxiety symptoms, making it the highest priority to avoid in managing generalized anxiety disorder.
Which of the following best explains the etiology of anxiety disorders from an interpersonal perspective?
- A. Anxiety is learned in childhood through interactions with caregivers.
- B. Anxiety is learned throughout life as a response to life experiences.
- C. Anxiety stems from an unconscious attempt to control awareness.
- D. Anxiety results from conforming to the norms of a cultural group.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Interpersonal theory suggests anxiety is learned in childhood through inadequate nurturing or distorted caregiver interactions.
A client who suffers from frequent panic attacks describes the attack as feeling disconnected from himself. The nurse notes in the client's chart that the client reports experiencing.
- A. hallucinations.
- B. depersonalization.
- C. derealization.
- D. denial.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feeling disconnected from oneself during a panic attack is depersonalization, a common symptom of panic.
A student is preparing to give a class presentation. A few minutes before the presentation is to begin, the student seems nervous and distracted. The student is looking at and listening to the peer speaker and occasionally looking at note cards. When the peer speaker asks a question of the group, the student is able to answer correctly. The professor understands that the student is likely experiencing which level of stress?
- A. Mild
- B. Moderate
- C. Severe
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Moderate anxiety involves nervousness and difficulty concentrating independently, but the student can still process information with assistance.
A client experiences panic attacks when confronted with riding in elevators. The therapist is teaching the client ways to relax while incrementally exposing the client to getting on an elevator. This technique is called
- A. systematic desensitization.
- B. flooding.
- C. cognitive restructuring.
- D. exposure therapy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Systematic desensitization involves gradual exposure to a phobia in a safe setting to reduce anxiety, unlike rapid flooding or cognitive techniques.