Nokea
Which one of the following is not a stage in the ovarian cycle of the menstrual cycle?
- A. Recruitment of Graafian follicle
- B. Selection of dominant follicle
- C. Luteal phase
- D. Formation of corpus luteum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The recruitment of the Graafian follicle is indeed a stage in the ovarian cycle. During the ovarian cycle, the primary follicles are recruited to develop further, leading to the formation of the Graafian follicle. The selection of the dominant follicle, luteal phase, and formation of the corpus luteum are other essential stages in the ovarian cycle. Therefore, option A is not correct as it is a crucial phase in the process of ovulation and fertilization.
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Practices such as female genital mutilation and unsafe male circumcision are categorized as:
- A. Harmful traditional practices
- B. Encouraged in rural Zambia
- C. Recommended in modern surgery and IRH
- D. Safer sex practices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Practices like female genital mutilation and unsafe male circumcision are considered harmful traditional practices due to the physical and psychological harm they cause. Choice A is correct as these practices are not safe or recommended. Choice B is incorrect, as harmful traditional practices are not encouraged anywhere. Choice C is incorrect as modern surgery and organizations like IRH aim to eliminate such practices, not recommend them. Choice D is incorrect as these practices are not related to safer sex practices but rather harmful practices that need to be eradicated.
Inevitable abortion is characterized by:
- A. Heavy bleeding.
- B. Open os.
- C. Severe cramping.
- D. Light bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inevitable abortion is characterized by an open os. This condition is associated with heavy bleeding. While severe cramping can be present in inevitable abortion, the key characteristic is the open os, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A and D are incorrect because they do not specifically describe the defining feature of inevitable abortion, which is the open os.
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
- A. Progesterone
- B. Testosterone
- C. Estrogen
- D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Estrogen is primarily responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone, while important in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, is not primarily responsible for secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone. Oxytocin is involved in labor, lactation, and social bonding, but not in the development of female secondary sexual characteristics.
Which statement accurately describes the female pelvis?
- A. Gynaecoid pelvis has a wedge-shaped inlet
- B. Platypelloid pelvis has an oval inlet
- C. Anthropoid pelvis has a long narrow oval inlet
- D. Android pelvis is wedge-shaped
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Platypelloid pelvis indeed has an oval inlet. Gynaecoid pelvis, not mentioned in the choices, has a round inlet. Anthropoid pelvis has a long, narrow oval inlet, which makes choice C incorrect. Choice D is incorrect as the Android pelvis is actually heart-shaped with a narrowed inlet.
Which contraceptive option suppresses sperm motility and inhibits the implantation of the blastocyst?
- A. Copper-T
- B. Diaphragm
- C. Contraceptive pills
- D. Condom
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Copper-T. Copper-T is an intrauterine device that releases copper ions, which suppress sperm motility and inhibit the implantation of the blastocyst. This method mainly works by preventing fertilization and, if fertilization occurs, by making the endometrium less receptive to implantation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. The diaphragm is a barrier method that prevents sperm from reaching the cervix; contraceptive pills mainly work by suppressing ovulation and altering cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg; condoms are barrier methods that prevent sperm from entering the vagina.