Nokea
Which organ in the human body is the largest and is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, and storage of nutrients?
- A. Heart
- B. Liver
- C. Lungs
- D. Skin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body and is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, storage of nutrients, and various other essential functions. It plays a critical role in maintaining overall health by processing nutrients, filtering blood, and detoxifying harmful substances. While the skin is the largest organ by surface area, the liver is the largest internal organ and is crucial for various physiological processes. The heart is responsible for pumping blood, the lungs for respiration, and the skin for protection and temperature regulation, but they do not perform the functions specified in the question.
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What is the difference between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron?
- A. Sensory neurons carry signals from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.
- B. Sensory neurons control voluntary muscles, while motor neurons control involuntary muscles.
- C. Sensory neurons are located in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are located in the central nervous system.
- D. Sensory neurons detect light, while motor neurons detect sound.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), allowing the brain to receive information about the external environment. On the other hand, motor neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, enabling the brain to control voluntary and involuntary movements. Choice B is incorrect because sensory neurons do not control muscles, and motor neurons control both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Choice C is incorrect as sensory neurons are located in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are located in the central nervous system. Choice D is incorrect because sensory neurons detect various stimuli such as touch, taste, smell, and sound, while motor neurons are not involved in detecting sensory stimuli.
Which structure in the heart is responsible for preventing the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium?
- A. Aortic valve
- B. Pulmonary valve
- C. Tricuspid valve
- D. Mitral valve
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. Its primary function is to prevent the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during ventricular contraction. The aortic valve (A) prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle, the pulmonary valve (B) prevents the backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle, and the tricuspid valve (C) prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium. Understanding the functions of these heart valves is crucial in maintaining proper blood flow through the heart and preventing regurgitation of blood into the wrong chambers.
Which fibrous connective tissue connects a muscle to a bone, allowing movement at a joint?
- A. Tendon
- B. Ligament
- C. Cartilage
- D. Bursa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tendons, the correct answer, are fibrous connective tissues that connect muscles to bones, enabling movement at joints. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to the bones, facilitating movement. Ligaments (option B) connect bone to bone, providing stability to joints. Cartilage (option C) is a flexible tissue that acts as a cushion, reducing friction between bones in joints. Bursae (option D) are fluid-filled sacs located near joints that help reduce friction between tissues such as tendons and bones.
In physics, what does the term 'terminal velocity' refer to?
- A. Maximum velocity reached by an object in free fall
- B. Velocity when the object is at rest
- C. Instantaneous velocity of an object
- D. Velocity only reached by heavy objects
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Terminal velocity in physics refers to the maximum velocity achieved by an object in free fall when the force of gravity equals the force of air resistance. At terminal velocity, the object stops accelerating and maintains a constant speed. This occurs when the opposing forces are balanced, leading to no further increase in speed. Choice B is incorrect as velocity when the object is at rest is zero, not at terminal velocity. Choice C is incorrect as instantaneous velocity refers to the velocity at a specific moment in time, not the maximum speed reached in free fall. Choice D is incorrect because terminal velocity is not exclusive to heavy objects; all objects in free fall can reach terminal velocity under the right conditions.
What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
- B. 7
- C. 14
- D. -7
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, indicating that the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution. A pH ranging from 0 to 6.9 signifies acidity, while a pH from 7.1 to 14 signifies alkalinity. Therefore, a neutral solution has a pH value of 7. Choice A (0) represents a highly acidic solution, Choices C (14) and D (-7) are outside the valid pH range and do not correspond to a neutral solution.