basic geriatric nursing test bank

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Which organization had the largest influence in the specialty of gerontological nursing?

  • A. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
  • B. John Hartford Foundation
  • C. Medicare
  • D. Mutual of Omaha Insurance
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: John Hartford Foundation. The John Hartford Foundation is known for its significant contributions to the field of gerontological nursing through funding research, education, and initiatives to improve care for older adults. The foundation has supported the development of gerontological nursing programs and resources, making it a key influencer in advancing the specialty.

Explanation for other choices:
A: American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) primarily focuses on advocacy and support for older adults but does not have a direct influence on the specialty of gerontological nursing.
C: Medicare is a federal health insurance program for individuals aged 65 and older, but it does not specifically impact the development of gerontological nursing as an organization.
D: Mutual of Omaha Insurance is an insurance company and does not have a direct role in shaping the field of gerontological nursing.

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In differentiating between health and wellness in health care, which of the following statements is true?

  • A. Health is a broad term encompassing attitudes and behaviors.
  • B. The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations.
  • C. Wellness and self-actualization develop through learning and growth.
  • D. Wellness is impossible when one’s health is compromised.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because health refers to a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, encompassing attitudes and behaviors. Choice B is incorrect as previous generations did consider illness prevention. Choice C is incorrect as wellness and self-actualization can also be influenced by genetics and environment. Choice D is incorrect as wellness can still be achieved through various aspects even if one's health is compromised.

How does sarcopenia impact functional independence in older adults?

  • A. It leads to increased body fat and reduced muscle mass, hindering mobility.
  • B. It results in diminished lung capacity, reducing the ability to perform daily activities.
  • C. It causes joint stiffness, leading to pain and limited range of motion.
  • D. It significantly affects balance and mobility, increasing the risk of falls.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because sarcopenia, which is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, directly impacts balance and mobility in older adults. Muscle weakness from sarcopenia reduces stability and coordination, increasing the risk of falls. This affects functional independence as it limits the ability to perform daily activities safely. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as sarcopenia primarily affects muscle mass and strength, not body fat, lung capacity, or joint stiffness.

The nurse is teaching a client with COPD about proper use of an inhaler. What should the nurse emphasize?

  • A. Use the inhaler only when you feel short of breath.
  • B. Inhale deeply before activating the inhaler.
  • C. Inhale rapidly after activating the inhaler.
  • D. Use the inhaler as often as possible for maximum benefit.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because inhaling deeply before activating the inhaler ensures proper medication delivery to the lungs. This allows the medication to reach the affected areas efficiently. Choice A is incorrect because inhalers are often used preventatively, not just when short of breath. Choice C is incorrect as inhaling rapidly may not allow the medication to be effectively deposited in the lungs. Choice D is incorrect because using the inhaler excessively can lead to overuse and potential side effects.

An older adult who lives in an assisted living facility tells a nurse that she is engaged in life review. The nurse understands which of the following about life review?

  • A. Life review is only useful at the very end of an individual’s life.
  • B. Life review and reminiscence are the same phenomenon.
  • C. Life review is a highly personal activity.
  • D. Life review can help an individual change course or set new goals.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Life review is a highly personal activity. This is because life review involves reflecting on past experiences, relationships, and accomplishments, which are unique to each individual. It is a process of self-reflection and introspection that helps individuals make sense of their lives and find meaning. Option A is incorrect because life review can occur at any point in an individual's life, not just at the very end. Option B is incorrect as reminiscence focuses on recalling past events, while life review involves deeper reflection and analysis. Option D is incorrect because while life review can promote self-awareness, it is primarily a reflective process rather than a tool for setting new goals.

What is the most common type of dementia in older adults?

  • A. Alzheimer's disease
  • B. Vascular dementia
  • C. Lewy body dementia
  • D. Frontotemporal dementia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alzheimer's disease. It is the most common type of dementia in older adults, accounting for around 60-80% of cases. Alzheimer's is characterized by the presence of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Vascular dementia (B) is caused by impaired blood flow to the brain, Lewy body dementia (C) is characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain, and Frontotemporal dementia (D) affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to changes in behavior and personality. However, in older adults, Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia due to its widespread impact on memory and cognition.

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