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Which patient is most likely to be diagnosed with short bowel syndrome?
- A. History of ulcerative colitis
- B. Had extensive resection of the ileum
- C. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
- D. Had colectomy performed for cancer of the bowel
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short bowel syndrome occurs most commonly in patients who have had extensive resections of the ileum, as the ileum is responsible for nutrient absorption.
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What is the final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?
- A. Fatty acids
- B. Amino acids
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 7/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine is glucose. Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars like glucose during digestion. Enzymes in the small intestine, such as amylase, break down complex carbohydrates into glucose molecules, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream for energy. Fatty acids (A) are the final product of lipid digestion, while amino acids (B) are the final product of protein digestion. Choice C is irrelevant. In summary, glucose is the correct answer as it is the end product of carbohydrate digestion, while the other choices are related to different types of digestion products.
What is the patient with chronic pancreatitis more likely to have than the patient with acute pancreatitis?
- A. The need to abstain from alcohol
- B. Experience acute abdominal pain
- C. Malabsorption and diabetes mellitus
- D. Require a high-carbohydrate, high-protein, low-fat diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic pancreatitis often leads to malabsorption and diabetes mellitus due to long-term pancreatic dysfunction.
Which characterizes auscultation of the abdomen?
- A. The presence of borborygmi indicates hyperperistalsis.
- B. The bell of the stethoscope is used to auscultate high-pitched sounds.
- C. High-pitched
- D. rushing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Borborygmi is the sound of hyperperistalsis often heard when the stomach is actively moving food.
In the tunica mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine, a series of folds called the ______ functions to ______.
- A. plicae circulares; increase surface area
- B. villi; increase surface area
- C. microvilli; allow the small intestine to expand
- D. rugae; allow the small intestine to expand
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: plicae circulares; increase surface area. Plicae circulares are circular folds in the small intestine that increase surface area for nutrient absorption. They help in maximizing contact with digested food. Villi and microvilli are structures on the surface of the small intestine that further increase surface area for absorption but are not the folds themselves. Rugae are folds found in the stomach, not the small intestine.
What is the role of the large intestine?
- A. digestion of proteins
- B. absorption of nutrients
- C. absorption of water
- D. production of bile
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The large intestine's main role is to absorb water from the indigestible food residue, forming feces. This process helps maintain proper hydration levels in the body. It does not digest proteins (choice A) or absorb nutrients (choice B), as these processes primarily occur in the small intestine. The production of bile (choice D) is carried out by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not by the large intestine. Thus, choice C is correct as it aligns with the primary function of the large intestine.