Nokea
Which personality characteristic is most likely in a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Open displays of emotion
- B. Perfectionism
- C. Optimism
- D. Flexibility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Perfectionism is the most likely personality characteristic in a patient with anorexia nervosa because individuals with this disorder often exhibit an intense desire for control, rigid thinking patterns, and a relentless pursuit of thinness. This perfectionistic trait can manifest as strict adherence to self-imposed rules around food intake and excessive exercise. Open displays of emotion (choice A) are less common due to emotional suppression related to the disorder. Optimism (choice C) is unlikely as anorexia nervosa is associated with negative self-perceptions and low self-esteem. Flexibility (choice D) is also unlikely due to the rigid and inflexible behaviors typical of individuals with anorexia nervosa.
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An elderly patient must be physically restrained. Who is responsible for the patients safety?
- A. The nurse assigned to care for the patient
- B. Unlicensed assistive personnel who apply the restraint
- C. Family member who agrees to application of the restraint
- D. Health care provider who prescribed application of restraint
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although restraint is prescribed by a health care provider, the restraint is a measure carried out by nursing staff. The nurse caring for the patient is responsible for safe application of restraining devices and for providing safe care while the patient is restrained. Nurses may delegate the application of restraining devices and the care of the patient in restraint, but the nurse remains responsible for outcomes. Even when family agree to restraint, nurses are responsible for providing safe outcomes.
The plan of care for a patient who has demonstrated outbursts of physical violence against his family when frustrated, followed by periods of remorse after each outburst, would be considered successful when the patient:
- A. Expresses frustration verbally instead of physically.
- B. Agrees to seek group counseling at a future time.
- C. Explains the reason for his behavior toward the victim.
- D. Identifies three personal strengths and coping strategies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because expressing frustration verbally instead of physically shows progress in managing emotions constructively. This approach helps prevent harm and promotes effective communication. Choice B doesn't address immediate behavior change. Choice C focuses on explaining behavior rather than changing it. Choice D is more about self-awareness and coping strategies, which is important but doesn't directly address the violent behavior.
Because of the cognitive disturbances associated with schizophrenia, which technique will be useful as the nurse teaches a client about self-management?
- A. Teach material in small segments
- B. Use only verbal instruction
- C. Plan the teaching for a time when client is stimulated and busy
- D. Offer opportunities for making a large number of choices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because teaching material in small segments is effective for individuals with cognitive disturbances like schizophrenia, as it helps improve comprehension and retention. Breaking down information into manageable parts reduces cognitive overload and enhances learning. Choice B is incorrect as relying solely on verbal instruction may be challenging for individuals with cognitive deficits. Choice C is incorrect because a stimulated and busy environment may hinder learning for someone with schizophrenia due to difficulty focusing. Choice D is incorrect as offering too many choices can be overwhelming and confusing, especially for those with cognitive disturbances.
Which of the following is an example of a peri-natal cause of intellectual disability when there is a significant period without oxygen occurring during or immediately after delivery?
- A. Anoxia
- B. Pronoxia
- C. Anaphylaxia
- D. Dysnoxia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anoxia: A peri-natal cause of intellectual disability due to a significant period without oxygen during or after delivery.
A depressed patient is to have his first electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) session tomorrow morning. Which intervention would routinely be implemented in preparing the patient for treatment?
- A. Explaining that 20 or more treatments will be needed
- B. Advising the patient that memory loss is usually transient
- C. Preparing the patient to be restrained during the procedure
- D. Educating the patient about how ECT will end his depression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Advising the patient that memory loss is usually transient. This is because memory loss is a common side effect of ECT, but it is typically temporary and resolves after treatment. It is important to prepare the patient for potential memory issues to reduce anxiety and manage expectations. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because explaining the number of treatments needed, preparing for restraint, or suggesting ECT will end depression are not standard interventions in preparing a patient for ECT.