Nokea
Which plan would be appropriate in helping to control congestive heart failure (CHF) in an infant?
- A. Promoting fluid restriction
- B. Feeding a low-salt formula
- C. Feeding in semi-Fowler position
- D. Encouraging breast milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Feeding in a more upright position helps fluid drain from the lungs, improving breathing and reducing cardiac workload.
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A 16-year-old being treated for hypertension has laboratory values of: Hemoglobin: 16 g/dL Hematocrit: 43% Sodium: 139 mEq/L Potassium: 4.4 mEq/L Total cholesterol: 220 mg/dL Which drug does the nurse suspect the patient takes based on the total cholesterol?
- A. Beta blockers
- B. Calcium channel blockers
- C. ACE inhibitors
- D. Diuretics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta blockers are used with caution in patients with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and impotence.
A pediatric patient is scheduled for a noninvasive procedure to determine if his heart is structurally normal and to localize a murmur. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate?
- A. Barium swallow
- B. Chest x-ray
- C. Electrocardiogram
- D. Echocardiogram
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Echocardiography is a noninvasive procedure that localizes murmurs and determines if the heart is structurally normal.
Malabsorption may be seen in:
- A. Ischaemia of the gut
- B. Giardiasis
- C. Lymphoma of the ileum
- D. Chronic lead poisoning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giardiasis, caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, is a well-known cause of malabsorption.
A male client with a history of asthma reports having episodes of bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production while exercising. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Determine if the client is using an inhaler before exercising
- B. Advise the client to avoid all physical activity
- C. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake before exercise
- D. Recommend the client wear a mask while exercising
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using an inhaler before exercise can help manage asthma symptoms by preventing bronchoconstriction during physical activity.
List THREE indications for intervention for aortopathy in Marfan’s syndrome in an older teenager.
- A. Aortic root or ascending aorta dilation >44-50mm
- B. Symptomatic (pain consistent with rupture)
- C. Growth of >0.5cm/y
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These are significant indicators that require surgical intervention to prevent further complications, such as rupture or dissection.