Nokea
Which potential pituitary complication should the nurse assess for in the client diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
- A. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2).
- B. Seizure activity.
- C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
- D. Cushing's disease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: TBI can damage the pituitary, causing SIADH (C), leading to fluid retention and hyponatremia. DM2 (A) is unrelated, seizures (B) are neurological, and Cushing’s (D) is less common post-TBI.
You may also like to solve these questions
The client, who has type I DM, is scheduled for an MRI of the brain after an MVA. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prepare the client for the test?
- A. Make the client NPO for six hours before the MRI and hold the morning insulin dose.
- B. Inform the client that the machine is noisy and that earplugs can be worn during the test.
- C. Explain that the extremity used for injection must remain straight for a few hours after MRI.
- D. Ensure that the serum BUN and creatinine levels are obtained and evaluated prior to the MRI.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients undergoing positron emission tomography (PET) scans are made NPO and have insulin held, but not those undergoing MRI. Clients are given earplugs to wear while undergoing the test because the machine makes a loud clanging noise that is unpleasant. Clients undergoing cerebral angiography, not MRI, must be on bedrest with the extremity used for injection straight for several hours after the test. Serum BUN and creatinine levels to assess renal function are required before CT scans or other tests involving contrast material to prevent renal complications.
The client asks the nurse, 'What causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?' Which statement would be the nurse's best response?
- A. The person must have been exposed to an infected prion.'
- B. It is mad cow disease, and eating contaminated meat is the cause.'
- C. This disease is caused by a virus that is in stagnant water.'
- D. A fungal spore from the lungs infects the brain tissue.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by prions (A), infectious proteins. Mad cow (B) is a variant but not the sole cause, and viral (C) or fungal (D) causes are incorrect.
The client is to receive a 100-mL intravenous antibiotic over 30 minutes via an intravenous pump. At what rate should the nurse set the IV pump?
Correct Answer: 200 mL/hr
Rationale: To infuse 100 mL over 30 minutes, calculate the hourly rate: (100 mL / 30 min) × 60 min/hr = 200 mL/hr. The pump should be set to 200 mL/hr.
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia. Which assessment data would the nurse expect to find in this client?
- A. Joint pain of the neck and jaw.
- B. Unconscious grinding of the teeth during sleep.
- C. Sudden severe unilateral facial pain.
- D. Progressive loss of calcium in the nasal septum.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trigeminal neuralgia causes sudden, severe, unilateral facial pain (C) due to irritation of the trigeminal nerve. Joint pain (A) is unrelated, teeth grinding (B) is bruxism, and calcium loss (D) is not a feature.
The occupational health nurse is concerned about preventing occupation-related acquired seizures. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Ensure that helmets are worn in appropriate areas.
- B. Implement daily exercise programs for the staff.
- C. Provide healthy foods in the cafeteria.
- D. Encourage employees to wear safety glasses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Helmets (A) protect against head injuries, a common cause of acquired seizures in occupational settings. Exercise (B), diet (C), and safety glasses (D) do not directly prevent seizures.