Nokea
Which property of a wave is responsible for determining its energy?
- A. Amplitude
- B. Wavelength
- C. Frequency
- D. Velocity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Frequency. The energy of a wave is determined by its frequency, not its amplitude, wavelength, or velocity. According to the equation E = h*f, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and f is frequency, the energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency. Higher frequency waves carry more energy, while lower frequency waves carry less energy. Therefore, frequency plays a crucial role in determining the energy content of a wave, making it the correct choice in this context.
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Which fibrous connective tissue connects a muscle to a bone, allowing movement at a joint?
- A. Tendon
- B. Ligament
- C. Cartilage
- D. Bursa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tendons, the correct answer, are fibrous connective tissues that connect muscles to bones, enabling movement at joints. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to the bones, facilitating movement. Ligaments (option B) connect bone to bone, providing stability to joints. Cartilage (option C) is a flexible tissue that acts as a cushion, reducing friction between bones in joints. Bursae (option D) are fluid-filled sacs located near joints that help reduce friction between tissues such as tendons and bones.
Identify the INCORRECT function of the liver.
- A. Bile production to aid digestion.
- B. Synthesis of blood proteins, such as albumin.
- C. Storage of glucose for energy regulation.
- D. Filtration of waste products from the blood.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A) Correct - The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.
B) Correct - The liver is responsible for synthesizing blood proteins, including albumin, which helps maintain osmotic pressure in the blood.
C) Correct - The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen and helps regulate blood sugar levels by releasing glucose when needed.
D) Incorrect - The liver does not filter waste products from the blood. Instead, the kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them in the form of urine.
Which of the following is the positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom?
- A. Electron
- B. Proton
- C. Neutron
- D. Quark
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Proton. Protons are positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They have a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu) and a charge of +1. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the atomic number of the element, which is a unique identifier for each element. Choice A, Electron, is incorrect as electrons are negatively charged particles found outside the nucleus. Choice C, Neutron, is incorrect as neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus. Choice D, Quark, is incorrect as quarks are elementary particles that combine to form protons and neutrons, but they are not the positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
What happens to the frequency of a wave when its wavelength is doubled, assuming the speed remains constant?
- A. Frequency remains the same.
- B. Frequency is halved.
- C. Frequency is doubled.
- D. Frequency information is insufficient to determine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the wavelength of a wave is doubled, and the speed of the wave remains constant, the frequency of the wave is halved. This relationship is governed by the equation speed = frequency x wavelength. Therefore, if the wavelength is doubled while the speed remains constant, the frequency must be halved to maintain a constant speed. Choice A is incorrect because frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional when speed is constant. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the wavelength does not result in a doubled frequency. Choice D is incorrect as the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and speed can be determined using the given information.
What is the process of converting ammonia, a byproduct of protein digestion, into a less toxic form?
- A. Deamination
- B. Transamination
- C. Decarboxylation
- D. Hydrolysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deamination is the correct answer. It is the process of removing an amino group from a molecule, like converting ammonia (NH3) into a less toxic form such as urea. Ammonia, a byproduct of protein digestion, must be converted into a less toxic form for excretion. Deamination is a crucial step that mainly occurs in the liver through the urea cycle. Transamination involves transferring an amino group from one molecule to another, not removing it as in deamination. Decarboxylation is the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule, and hydrolysis is the breakdown of a compound by adding water.