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Which question is most important to ask to ensure valid analysis of the vaginal specimen?
- A. How did you last have sexual intercourse?
- B. How old were you when you had your first pregnancy?
- C. What was the date of your last menstrual period?
- D. Have you ever used oral contraceptives?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The date of the last menstrual period is critical to interpret vaginal specimen results, as the menstrual cycle phase affects cervical and vaginal cell characteristics.
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The nurse is caring for a 30-year-old nulliparous client who is complaining of severe dysmenorrhea. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the client to undergo to determine the diagnosis?
- A. A bimanual vaginal exam.
- B. A pregnancy test.
- C. An exploratory laparoscopy.
- D. An ovarian biopsy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exploratory laparoscopy is used to diagnose conditions like endometriosis, a common cause of severe dysmenorrhea. Bimanual exam is nonspecific, pregnancy tests rule out ectopic pregnancy, and ovarian biopsy is invasive and unrelated.
The client diagnosed with uterine cancer is complaining of lower back pain and unilateral leg edema. Which statement best explains the scientific rationale for these signs/symptoms?
- A. This is expected pain for this type of cancer.
- B. This means the cancer has spread to other areas of the pelvis.
- C. The pain is a result of the treatment of uterine cancer.
- D. Radiation treatment always causes some type of pain in the region.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lower back pain and leg edema suggest pelvic lymph node involvement or metastasis, indicating cancer spread. Expected pain is vague, and treatment or radiation is less likely the cause.
The nurse is caring for a client with epididymitis secondary to a chlamydia infection. Which discharge instruction should the nurse discuss?
- A. The sexual partner must be prescribed antibiotics.
- B. Delay sexual intercourse for a minimum of three (3) months.
- C. Expect the urine to have white clumps for one (1) to two (2) months.
- D. Drainage from the scrotum is fine as long as there is no fever.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlamydia-related epididymitis requires partner treatment to prevent reinfection. Prolonged abstinence, white clumps in urine, and scrotal drainage are not expected.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with uterine cancer who has received afterload intracavitary radiation. Which precaution should the nurse implement?
- A. Wear rubber gloves to protect the nurse from all exposure.
- B. Allow any visitor the client wishes to see.
- C. Minimize the amount of time spent with the client.
- D. Encourage the client to ambulate in the hallway.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minimizing time with the client reduces radiation exposure during intracavitary brachytherapy. Gloves are insufficient, visitors are limited, and ambulation increases exposure risk.
When collecting a specimen from the client who may have gonorrhea, which nursing action is correct?
- A. Wearing latex gloves
- B. Using a disinfectant
- C. Asking the client to provide the specimen
- D. Refrigerating the specimen immediately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wearing latex gloves protects the nurse from exposure to infectious material during specimen collection.