Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Adult Health Nursing Answer Key Related

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A patient expresses fear of needles before a scheduled blood draw. What is the nurse's best approach to address this fear?

  • A. Dismiss the patient's fear and proceed with the blood draw.
  • B. Provide the patient with information about relaxation techniques and distraction methods.
  • C. Ignore the patient's fear and proceed with the blood draw quickly.
  • D. Tell the patient that fear of needles is irrational and unfounded.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best approach to address the patient's fear of needles before a blood draw is to provide the patient with information about relaxation techniques and distraction methods (Option B). Dismissing the patient's fear (Option A), ignoring the fear and proceeding quickly (Option C), or telling the patient that the fear is irrational and unfounded (Option D) would not be helpful and could potentially escalate the patient's anxiety. Providing information on relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or visualization, as well as distraction methods like listening to music or engaging in conversation, can help the patient feel more comfortable and reduce their fear and anxiety during the blood draw procedure. It is important for the nurse to acknowledge and address the patient's concerns in a supportive and empathetic manner to build trust and ensure a successful blood draw experience.

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A nurse is caring for a patient who is refusing a prescribed treatment due to cultural beliefs. What action should the nurse take to address the patient's refusal?

  • A. Ignore the patient's cultural beliefs and insist on treatment compliance
  • B. Provide education and information to help the patient understand the treatment benefits
  • C. Dismiss the patient's concerns and consult with the healthcare provider to override their decision
  • D. Respect the patient's autonomy and collaborate on alternative treatment options
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should respect the patient's autonomy and collaborate on alternative treatment options. It is essential to honor the patient's cultural beliefs and preferences while also seeking to find a solution that aligns with the healthcare provider's recommendations. By working together with the patient to explore alternative treatment options that are acceptable within the patient's cultural framework, the nurse can promote patient-centered care and foster a trusting relationship with the patient.Ignoring or dismissing the patient's cultural beliefs can lead to decreased patient adherence and trust in the healthcare provider. Providing education and information to help the patient understand the treatment benefits is important, but it should be done in a way that respects the patient's autonomy and cultural perspective.

A patient with a history of myocardial infarction is prescribed atorvastatin for lipid-lowering therapy. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely during atorvastatin therapy?

  • A. Serum potassium levels
  • B. Liver function tests
  • C. Blood glucose levels
  • D. Serum sodium levels
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atorvastatin is a medication commonly used for lipid-lowering therapy to reduce cholesterol levels and decrease the risk of cardiovascular events. However, one of the potential side effects of statin medications such as atorvastatin is liver injury. Therefore, monitoring liver function tests, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, is crucial during atorvastatin therapy.

When one has a Cushing disease the focal structure affected is the _______.

  • A. hypothalamus
  • B. pituitary gland
  • C. adrenal gland
  • D. para thyroid gland
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When one has Cushing's disease, the focal structure affected is the pituitary gland. Cushing's disease is caused by the overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the pituitary gland. This excess ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce too much cortisol, leading to the symptoms associated with Cushing's disease. Therefore, the primary issue originates in the pituitary gland, not the other structures mentioned in the question.

To ensure that the staff adheres to their job responsibilities which should be the appropriate toool should Nurse Mae utilize in evaluating staff performance?

  • A. Memorandum
  • B. Incident report
  • C. Performance evaluation
  • D. Anecdotal report
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurse Mae should utilize performance evaluations to ensure that the staff adheres to their job responsibilities. Performance evaluations are structured assessments that provide a holistic view of an employee's performance against established standards and job responsibilities. By conducting regular performance evaluations, Nurse Mae can objectively measure staff performance, identify areas of strengths and weaknesses, provide feedback for improvement, and set goals for professional development. This tool is essential for monitoring and managing staff performance effectively in a healthcare setting.

A patient is prescribed an opioid analgesic for the management of acute pain. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?

  • A. Hypertension
  • B. Hypoglycemia
  • C. Respiratory depression
  • D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Opioid analgesics are known to suppress the respiratory centers in the brain, leading to respiratory depression as a side effect. This adverse effect is particularly dangerous and potentially life-threatening, especially in patients who are opioid-naive or when high doses are administered. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to closely monitor the patient's respiratory rate, depth, and effort while on opioid analgesic therapy to detect early signs of respiratory depression and intervene promptly to prevent complications. Hypertension, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia are not commonly associated with opioid analgesics.

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