Nokea
Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?
- A. Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown.
- B. Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor.
- C. Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions.
- D. Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child and family should be exposed to the sights and sounds of the intensive care unit (ICU). All positive, nonfrightening aspects of the environment are emphasized. The child should be shown unfamiliar equipment and its use demonstrated on a doll. Carefully prepare the child for the postoperative experience, including intravenous (IV) lines, incision, and endotracheal tube.
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A nurse assesses clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?
- A. An 86-year-old man with a history of asthma
- B. A 32-year-old Asian-American man with colorectal cancer
- C. A 45-year-old American Indian woman with diabetes mellitus
- D. A 53-year-old postmenopausal woman who is on hormone therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the 45-year-old American Indian woman with diabetes mellitus has the highest risk among the options provided.
Among the following Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has the highest resistance to
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Clindamycin
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Doxycycline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has shown the highest resistance to erythromycin.
In the most common type of CAR:
- A. There is deficient 11-hydroxylase
- B. Hypertension is a feature
- C. There is an associated gene defect
- D. Transmission is autosomal dominant
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension is a feature of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by deficiencies in enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, including 11-hydroxylase.
Nurse Mariane is caring for an infant with spina bifida. Which technique is most important in recognizing possible hydrocephalus?
- A. Measuring head circumference
- B. Obtaining skull X-ray
- C. Performing a lumbar puncture
- D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measuring head circumference is a non-invasive way to monitor for hydrocephalus, a common complication of spina bifida.
The treatment of choice for the lesion of the neonate is
- A. digoxin
- B. propranolol (Inderal)
- C. surgical shunt
- D. balloon valvuloplasty
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Balloon valvuloplasty can relieve pulmonary stenosis and improve symptoms in Tetralogy of Fallot.