Nokea
Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?
- A. Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown.
- B. Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor.
- C. Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions.
- D. Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child and family should be exposed to the sights and sounds of the intensive care unit (ICU). All positive, nonfrightening aspects of the environment are emphasized. The child should be shown unfamiliar equipment and its use demonstrated on a doll. Carefully prepare the child for the postoperative experience, including intravenous (IV) lines, incision, and endotracheal tube.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 2-year-old child should be able to:
- A. Name three colours correctly
- B. Use plurals
- C. Build a tower of five blocks
- D. Kick a ball on request
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 2-year-old can typically build a tower of five blocks. Naming colors and using plurals are more advanced skills, and kicking a ball is variable.
Which of the following statements is true regarding Glasgow coma scale (GCS) in children?
- A. The scale is validated as a prognostic scoring system in children and young infants
- B. Patients with GCS < or = 8 require aggressive management
- C. All patients with GCS < or = 5 should be intubated and mechanically ventilated
- D. It is useful in children to assess the neurological, circulatory and cardiac status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with a GCS of 8 or less require aggressive management, as this indicates severe brain injury and potential airway compromise.
Diseases that primarily involve the motor unit include:
- A. Werdnig-Hoffman disease
- B. Guillain-Barre syndrome
- C. Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
- D. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Werdnig-Hoffman disease, also known as spinal muscular atrophy type 1, primarily affects the motor neurons in the spinal cord.
The Duke criterion for the diagnosis of endocarditis is a major
- A. new regurgitant flow by echocardiography
- B. Osler nodes
- C. single positive blood culture
- D. serologic evidence of infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A single positive blood culture is one of the major criteria for diagnosing endocarditis.
Uncommon complications of severe falciparum malaria are:
- A. Stroke
- B. Anaemia
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because stroke is an uncommon complication of severe falciparum malaria. The other options (b-e) are more common complications.